chapter 2 - the impact of the versailles settlement on germany Flashcards
What expectations did Germany have of the Peace Treaty?
they expected that they would be allowed to negotiate, and believed it would be based on Wilsonâs 14 points
percentage of land that germany lost
13%
war guilt clause
article 231
germany accept responsibility for starting the war
military restrictions of tov
German Army was limited to 100,000 men
German Navy limited to 15,000 men
Forbidden from having an air force
Conscription banned
Rhineland demilitarised
final amount decided for cost of reparations
ÂŁ6.6 billion
things the German citizens found humiliating about the peace treaty
Exclusion from the League of Nations
The âwar guilt clauseâ which justified reparations
Being denied national self-determination
The high amount of reparations
When were the terms of the Treaty revealed to the German government?
7th may 1919
Which Chancellorâs government had to sign the treaty?
Chancellor Bauer as Chancellor Scheidemann resigned due to the treaty.
What reactions did the SPD have towards the signing of the treaty?
The SPD believed it was best to comply
SPD had to ask their main opponents to state those who signed the treaty were not unpatriotic
Some former supporters of the Republic turned against it due to the humiliation of the treaty
What did the Right wing name those who signed the treaty?
november criminals
What myth did Ludendorff create?
stab in the back myth
freikorps
A group of violent soldiers cut from the army who couldnât/ unwilling to adjust to civilian life.
britains reaction to the treaty
British public opinion was satisfied that Germany couldnât disrupt Europeâs peace.
Lloyd George believed that Germany shouldnât be so weak
french reaction to the treaty
The French people believed they suffered the most and wanted revenge
Many believed the treaty was too lenient!
us reaction to the treaty
Widespread opinion that the treaty was very unfair
Believed Britain and France were trying to enrich themselves
Caused the USA to refuse to join the League of Nations
brest litovsk
march 1918
treaty between russia and germany
germany heavily punished russia
germany should be happy with the terms of the tov as they are not as harsh as those on russia
germany given text of the treaty
7th may 1919
no choice but to accept
germany instructed to sign the tov
28th june 1919
reactions from pro republican parties
spd and its allies in government in 1919 well aware that signing it would rebound upon them
so concerned that they asked the opponents (DNVP, DVP, DDP) to state that those who voted for the treaty were not unpatriotic
treaty turned some against the republic
treaty cause political demoralisation at the centre of the gov
politicians who agreed to it were forced to become defensive
gains of the revolution seemed unimpressive
reaction on the right
right wing resentment of the republic was intensified by the signing of the treaty
german nationalists could not accept german military defeat nor establishment of the new republic
in eyes of extreme nationalists, politicians who governed germany lacked legitimacy as they had betrayed the father land
stab in the back myth
ludendorff and hindenburg promoted it
justification for continued nationalist attacks on the republic
appealing to ex soldiers who had suffered in fighting for what they regarded as a noble cause and then experienced insults of humiliation when they returned to a germany in throes of revolution
