chapter 11 - the appointment of hitler as chancellor Flashcards
when was the ban lifted on the sa and who was it by
papen
june 1932
who did schleicher meet with from the nazi party in hoping to create divisions amongst the nsdap
gregor strasser
what reasons led to the fall of brĆ¼nings government
his economic policies deepened the depression
extremist parties began to grow
schleicher withdrew support for him due to the political violence
why was hitler unwilling to join a coalition with schleicher
he would only join a coalition government if he was appointed chancellor
nsdap was not the largest party in the reichstag at the time
why did hindenburg not trust hitler
he believed he would cause trouble
didnāt believe that hitler would do as he was told
hitler didnāt have a lot of experience
and hindenburg did not approve of the violence by the nazi sa
what year and month did the nsdap become the largest party in the reichstag following an election
july 1932 - 37.3%
what government was referred to as the cabinet of barons
papens government
when was papens government
may to december 1933
who killed weimar democracy
hindenburg
president 1925-34
key power of appointing and dismissing chancellors
able to issue decrees
influenced by schleicher, key civil servants, junkers , bankers and his son oskar
acted within the letter of the constitution
favoured a more authoritarian system
concerned about investigation into his estate
failed to support the muller government in 1930
supported presidential governments
hostile to hitler seeing him as an upstart
refused to make hitler chancellor in august 1932
appointed hitler chancellor on 30th january 1933
who killed weimar democracy
brĆ¼ning
chancellor march 1930 - may 1932
tried to gain support from the reichstag
came to favour a more authoritarian system possibly a monarchy
called elections in july 1930 in which extremist parties such as the nazis made major gains
tolerated by reichstag for two years but had no working majority
increasingly used presidential decrees rather than reichstag laws to govern
failed to take action to reduce the impact of the slump
hoped to use the depression to change the regime and end reparations
made some reforms but upset junkers and hindenburg with agrarian reform plans
forced to resign by hindenburg
who killed weimar democracy
papen
chancellor may-december 1932
formed a non party cabinet of barons from the elite
had no reichstag members in his government
had very little support in the reichstag
relied on presidential decrees to govern
overthrew democratic government in prussia
after july 1932, elections favoured dissolving the reichstag and not holding new elections
this idea was rejected by schleicher who secured his dismissal
january 1933 - deal with hitler to become his deputy if hitler was appointed chancellor
helped to persuade hindenburg to replace schleicher with hitler
became vice chancellor under hitler
who killed weimar democracy
schleicher
chancellor december 1932-january 1933
concerned to protect the interests of the reichswehr
great influence on hindenburg
at the centre of intrigues
responsible for the dismissal of bruning and papen
preferred to exercise power behind the scenes
in december 1932 he reluctantly became chancellor
tried to gain support from the gregor strasser wing of the nazi party and trade unions
dismissed when papen intrigued against him
who killed weimar democracy
hitler
avowed enemy of democracy
tried to overthrow the weimar republic in 1923 - munich putsch
led to massive campaigns against the weimar regime
nazis tried to disrupt the reichstag
nazis violently attacked their opponents
leader of the largest party in 1932
papen intrigued to get him appointed
schleicher resisted his appointment
hindenburg appointed him as chancellor
hindenburg backed him with emergency decrees
once in power finally destroyed the weimar democracy
when hindenburg died in 1934, he declared himself president and dictator of germany
tactics used by the members of the elite to tame the strategy for the nazi party
1
make hitler vice chancellor under papen
this was put forward in august 1932 but hitler rejected it demanding to be chancellor
hitlers rejection was risky as he did not get the chancellorship
seen as a great defeat by many nazis
2
december 1932
schleicher proposed the idea of himself being chancellor with the nazi strasser as vice chancellor
failed
strasser left the nazi party
3
out hitler in office as chancellor
but surrounded by papen as vice chancellor and other conservatives
nazis current difficulties would make them easier to control
hindenburg agreed against his own judgement
brunings gov -
may 1932
coalition in power between march 1930 - may 1932
no majority in reichstag
appointment heavily influenced by schleicher
priority - reduce state spending by cutting welfare benefits, reducing number of civil servants and cutting wages
referred to as the āhunger chancellorā
imposed ban on SA - april 1932 to try stop street violence
schleicher withdrew support as no gov could rule without support of the nazi party
hitler refused to join a coalition unless he was chancellor
hitler agreed not to oppose a new gov on condition there would be a new election and the ban on the sa was lifted
hindenburg refused to sign presidential decree sibmitted by bruning and had no choice to resign
he was replaced by von papen
papens gov
may - dec 1932
cabinet of barons (only political party who supported his coalition was the DNVP - 2 posts in cabinet and the other cabinet positions were filled by men who were not members of the reichstag)
attempt to establish a āgov of national concentrationā
looked down on the nazis however sympathised with many of hitlers ideas and saw the nazis as allies in his quest to establish a government of ānational concentrationā
july 1923 - lifted ban on the SA
imposed curbs on left wing press
new wave of street violence which gave papen an excuse to impose authoritarian rule in germanys largest state, prussia
july 1932 election
nsdap = 37.3%
kpd = 14.3%
