Chapter 2- The Digestive System Flashcards
How does the mouth aid to the digestive system ?
The teeth within the mouth physically aid through churning the food, thus making it smaller and easier to pass through the oesophagus.
What is the function of the pancreas ?
The pancreas helps structure a green liquid referred to as Bile. This Bile will then help in neutralising the already acidic food, before it is taken to other areas of thee digestive system .
What is the function of the small intestine ?
The small intestine helps absorbs the nutrients from the food, into the human blood stream.
What happens to the food in the large intestine ?
When in the large intestine, the water from the food is absorbed. Furthermore, the large intestine also aids in breaking any waste products. These waste products will then be transported to the rectum.
What two organs within the digestive system does the duodenum help connect ?
The duodenum connects the stomach, to the top of the small intestine.
What does the Bile duct do the food within the duodenum ?
The Bile duct sprays the green liquid bile on to the food, as to neutralise the acidity.
What are lipids broken into ?
Lipids are broken up into a glycerol and three fatty acids.
Arteries
Arteries help to carry blood away from the heart, and to different parts of the body. The only acceptation to this, is the pulmonary artery in the heart, that transports oxygenated blood into the heart.
Veins
Veins help carry blood to the heart. The only acceptation to this process, is that of the pulmonary vein, that transports blood away from the heart.
Hypertonic soloution
When there is a high solute potential inside the cell, and a low water potential.
Hypotonic soloution
When there is a high water potential inside the structure of the cell.
Isotonic soloution
When there is an equal amount of solute and water potential inside the cell.
Diffusion
The net random movement of gas particles, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration on a concentration gradient.
What is the optimum temperature ?
The optimum temperature is the maximum temperature in that an enzyme can operate under. After the enzyme has passed the optimum temperature, it’ s active sight will begin to denature. If the enzyme becomes denatured, then the substrate will not be able to fit in it.
What are enzymes ?
Enzymes are proteins, which help speed up the process of various chemical reactions.
