Chapter 2 : The Cytoplasm Flashcards
What is the primary component of the cytoplasm?
Cytosol is the primary component of the cytoplasm.
True or False: The cytoplasm includes the cell membrane.
False.
Fill in the blank: The cytoplasm is the area between the ______ and the nucleus.
cell membrane
What are organelles?
Organelles are specialized structures within the cytoplasm that perform specific functions.
Which organelle is responsible for energy production?
Mitochondria.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an organelle? A) Golgi apparatus B) Nucleus C) Cytosol D) Lysosome
C) Cytosol.
True or False: The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance.
True.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell.’
mitochondria
What is the function of lysosomes?
Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest cellular waste and foreign materials.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is involved in detoxifying harmful substances? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Peroxisome D) Nucleus
C) Peroxisome.
What is cytoplasmic streaming?
Cytoplasmic streaming is the movement of cytoplasm within a cell that helps distribute nutrients and organelles.
True or False: The cytoskeleton provides structural support to the cell.
True.
What are the three main components of the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
Multiple Choice: Which component of the cytoskeleton is involved in cell movement? A) Microtubules B) Intermediate filaments C) Microfilaments D) All of the above
C) Microfilaments.
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a network of membranes within the cytoplasm.
endoplasmic reticulum
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a well-defined cytoplasm.
False.
What is the role of the cytoplasm in cellular metabolism?
The cytoplasm is the site of many metabolic processes, including glycolysis.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for the synthesis of lipids? A) Rough ER B) Smooth ER C) Golgi apparatus D) Lysosome
B) Smooth ER.
What are cytoplasmic inclusions?
Cytoplasmic inclusions are non-living substances found in the cytoplasm, such as pigments and stored nutrients.
True or False: All organelles are membrane-bound.
False.
Fill in the blank: ______ are the protein factories of the cell.
Ribosomes
What is the primary function of vacuoles in plant cells?
Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure.
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? A) Mitochondria B) Chloroplast C) Nucleus D) Ribosome
B) Chloroplast.
What is the main function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm provides a medium for biochemical reactions and supports organelles.
True or False: The cytoplasm is the same in all cell types.
False.
What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, while smooth ER does not.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins.
Golgi apparatus
What is the function of centrioles?
Centrioles are involved in cell division and the formation of the mitotic spindle.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following organelles is involved in apoptosis? A) Mitochondria B) Ribosome C) Golgi apparatus D) Smooth ER
A) Mitochondria.
True or False: The cytosol is a component of the cytoplasm.
True.
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in cell division?
The cytoskeleton helps separate chromosomes during cell division.
Fill in the blank: ______ are small structures that synthesize proteins.
Ribosomes
What are the two types of ribosomes?
Free ribosomes and bound ribosomes.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is involved in cell signaling and communication? A) Cytoskeleton B) Golgi apparatus C) Plasma membrane D) Mitochondria
C) Plasma membrane.
True or False: All cells contain the same types of organelles.
False.
What is the structure that surrounds the cytoplasm?
The plasma membrane.
Fill in the blank: The ______ plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis within the cell.
cytoplasm
What is the main function of peroxisomes?
Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton? A) Providing structural support B) Facilitating movement C) Transporting materials D) All of the above
D) All of the above.
True or False: Cytoplasm can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
True.
What is the function of the nuclear envelope?
The nuclear envelope protects the nucleus and regulates the passage of materials in and out.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the site of ribosome production.
nucleolus
What is the significance of the cytoplasmic matrix?
The cytoplasmic matrix provides a medium for biochemical reactions and supports organelles.
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in protein sorting? A) Lysosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus.
True or False: The cytoplasm can vary in composition depending on the cell type.
True.
What is the role of actin filaments?
Actin filaments are involved in muscle contraction and cell movement.
Fill in the blank: ______ are large vesicles that store materials in plant cells.
Vacuoles
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and detoxifies certain chemicals.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of mitochondria? A) ATP production B) Protein synthesis C) Lipid synthesis D) Cell division
A) ATP production.
True or False: The cytoplasm contains the cell’s genetic material.
False.
What is the primary role of the plasma membrane?
The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Fill in the blank: ______ are enzymes that break down cellular waste.
Lysosomes
What is the significance of cytoplasmic organelles?
Cytoplasmic organelles perform specific functions essential for cell survival.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is NOT found in prokaryotic cells? A) Ribosome B) Nucleus C) Plasma membrane D) Cell wall
B) Nucleus.
True or False: Cytoplasm is involved in the transport of materials within the cell.
True.
What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins that are secreted or inserted into membranes.
Fill in the blank: The ______ helps maintain the shape of the cell.
cytoskeleton
What are the functions of cytoplasmic membranes?
Cytoplasmic membranes compartmentalize cellular processes and regulate transport.
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is known as the ‘suicide bag’ of the cell? A) Mitochondria B) Lysosome C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome
B) Lysosome.
True or False: The cytoplasm consists only of liquid.
False.
What is the role of Golgi vesicles?
Golgi vesicles transport proteins and lipids from the Golgi apparatus to their destinations.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the site of cellular respiration.
mitochondria
What are myofibrils?
Myofibrils are contractile units found in muscle cells.
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones? A) Rough ER B) Smooth ER C) Golgi apparatus D) Ribosome
B) Smooth ER.
True or False: The cytoplasm can influence cell signaling.
True.
What is the primary role of the cytosol?
The cytosol is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm that contains organelles and other cell components.
