CHAPTER 2 | THE CAPITAL MARKET Flashcards
Privately-owned computerized networks that match orders for securities outside of recognized exchange facilities. Also referred to as Proprietary Electronic Trading Systems (PETS).
alternative trading system (ATS)
The lowest price a seller will accept for the financial instrument being quoted.
ask price
Market in which securities are bought and sold by brokers acting as agents for their clients, in contrast to a dealer market where trades are conducted over-the-counter. For example, the Toronto Stock Exchange is an auction market.
auction market
The difference between the current bid
and ask, calculated as Ask - Bid.
bid-ask spread
The highest price a buyer is willing to pay for the financial instrument being quoted.
bid price
Launched in 2003 as an alternative marketplace for trading equity securities and emerging companies
Canadian Securities Exchange
An Internet web-based system for investment dealers to report completed trades in unlisted and unquoted equity securities in Ontario.
Canadian Unlisted Board Inc.
Provides institutional investors with electronic access to federal bond bid and offer prices and yields from its six
bank-owned dealers.
CanDeal
A joint venture of several IIROC member firms and operates as an electronic trading system for fixed income securities providing investors with real-time bid and offer prices and hourly trade data.
CanPX
Has two distinct but related meanings. To an economist, it means machinery, factories and inventory required to
produce other products. To an investor, it may mean the total of financial assets invested in securities, a home and other fixed assets, plus cash.
capital
An electronic trading system for fixed income securities operating in the retail market.
CBID
An electronic trading system for fixed income securities operating in the institutional market.
CBID Institutional
Securities representing ownership in a company. They carry voting privileges and are entitled to the receipt of
dividends, if declared. Also called common stock.
common share
A market in which securities are bought and sold over-the-counter in which dealers acts as principals
when buying and selling securities for clients. Also referred to as the unlisted market.
dealer market
Evidence of a share of ownership stake in the company that issued the security.
equity securities
A natural gas exchange, headquartered in Calgary, Alberta that provides electronic trading, central counterparty clearing and data services to the North
American natural gas and electricity markets.
ICE NGX Canada
Organizations, such as pension and mutual fund companies, that trade in large-share quantities or dollar
amounts. They typically have a steady flow of money to invest.
institutional investor
An individual licensed to transact in the full range of securities. IAs must be registered by the securities
commission of the province in which he or she works. The term refers to employees of SRO member firms only. Also known as a Registrant or Registered Representative (RR).
investment advisor
The price at which the last trade on a stock occurred.
last price
- The ability of the market in a particular security to absorb a reasonable amount of buying or selling at reasonable price changes. 2. A corporation’s current assets relative to its current liabilities; its cash position.
liquidity
Provides market data and a trading platform with access to multi-dealer competitive pricing for a wider range of corporate bonds and other types of fixed-income instruments. Member of IIROC.
MarketAxess
A trader employed by a securities firm who is authorized and required, by applicable self-regulatory organizations (SROs), to maintain reasonable liquidity in securities
markets by making firm bids or offers for one or more designated securities.
market maker
That part of the capital market in which short-term financial obligations are bought and sold. These include treasury bills and other federal government securities, and commercial paper, and bankers’ acceptances and other instruments with one year or less left to maturity.
Longer term securities, when their term shortens to the limits mentioned, are also traded in the money market.
money market
An exchange that provides listing services and facilitates trading in securities listed on the NEO Exchange, TSX, and the TSX Venture Exchange.
NEO Exchange
A derivatives exchange that provides contracts to participants in the North American energy markets.
Nodal Exchange
A market for securities made up of securities dealers who may or may not be members of a recognized
stock exchange. Over-the-counter is mainly a market conducted over the telephone. Also called the unlisted,
inter-dealer or street market. NASDAQ is an example of an over-the- counter market.
over-the-counter market
A class of share capital that entitles the owners to a fixed dividend ahead of the company’s common shares and to a stated dollar value per share in the event of liquidation. Usually do not have voting rights unless a stated number of dividends have been omitted. Also referred to as preference shares.
preferred share
The market for new issues of securities. The proceeds of the sale of securities in a primary market go directly to the company issuing the securities.
primary market
Individual investors who buy and sell securities for their own personal accounts, and not for another company or organization. They generally buy in smaller quantities than larger institutional investors.
retail investor
The market where securities are traded through an exchange or over-the counter subsequent to a primary offering. The proceeds from trades in a secondary market go to the selling dealers and investors, rather than to the companies that originally issued the shares in the primary market.
secondary market
A marketplace where buyers and sellers of securities meet to trade with each other and where prices are established according to laws of supply and demand.
stock exchange
The largest stock exchange in Canada with over 1,700 companies listed on the exchange.
Toronto Stock Exchange
An exchange that provides trading in securities listed on TSX and TSXV. Order price and volume information is publicly available. Alpha Exchange is wholly owned by TMX Group Inc.
TSX Alpha Exchange
Canada’s public venture marketplace, the result of the merger of the Vancouver and Alberta Stock Exchanges in 1999.
TSX Venture Exchange
A market in which securities are bought and sold over-the-counter in which dealers acts as principals when buying and selling securities for clients
unlisted market
