Chapter 2: The biological perspective Flashcards
basic cell that makes up the nervous system and receives and sends messages within the system
neuron
receives messages from other neurons; receive signals
dendrites
carry signals away to other cells
axon
cell body of the neuron; responsible for maintaining the life of the cell
soma
rounded areas at the end of the branches at the end of the axon; responsible for communicating with other nerve cells
axon terminals
chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an affect on the next cell; released to cause behaviors
neurotransmitters
space between one neurons axon and dendrites
synapse
holes in the surface of the dendrites or certain cells of the muscles and glands
receptor sites
which neurotransmitter is your fight or flight
norepinephrine
which neurotransmitter involves movement and pleasure
dopamine
which neurotransmitter regulates mood, sleep, and appeite
serotonin
which neurotransmitter slows the nervous system down after fight or flight and is also used the prepare the body for sleep
GABA
which neurotransmitter helps focus and complete tasks
glutamate
which neurotransmitter is your natural pain killer
endorphins
which nervous system contains all the neurons and nerves that aren’t in contained in the brain and spinal cord but that run through the body itself
peripheral
which part of the nervous system consists of nerves that carry info from the senses to the CNS and from the CNS to the voluntary muscles of the body
somatic
which part of the nervous system consists of nerves that controls all of the involuntary muscles, organs, glands
autonomic
what part of the autonomic system is responsible for reacting to stressful events
sympathetic
which part of the autonomic system restores the body to normal functioning after arousal and is responsible for the day to day functioning of the organs and glands
parasympathetic
what part of the brain controls vital functions
medulla
which part of the brain relays messages between cerebellum and cortex; bridgen
pons
which part of the brain is involved in controlling arousal and attention
reticular formation
which part of the brain controls balance and muscle memory; little brain
cerebellum
which part of the brain is said to begin deteriorating when someone has Alzheimer’s disease
limbic system
what part of the brain relays info from sensory organs to the cerebral cortex
thalamus
which part of the brain regulates the amount of fear, thirst, sexual drive, and aggression we feel
hypothalamus
which part of the brain is the role of learning, memory, and to compare sensory info; store new memories
hippocampus
which part of the brain stores memories associated with emotions; trauma
amygdala
which part of the brain is a band of nerves that connects right and left brain
corpus callosum
which part of the brain deals with visual processing; back of the brain
occipital lobe
which part of the brain is above ears; auditory input
temporal lobe
which part of the brain deals with other sensory input, touch, taste
parietal lobe
which part of the brain is your higher level thinking; critical thinking
frontal lobe
which neurotransmitter is said to be involved in almost all drug addiction
dopamine
the gap between one neuron’s axon and another neuron’s dendrite is called
synapse
which part of the nervous system is used to control the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems
autonomic
which part of the nervous system is said to receive signals from other neurons
dendrites
this part of the brain is said to be linked to ADHD/ADD
reticular formation
T or F the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body and the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body
true
this part of the brain controls hunger, thirst, temperature, and sex drive
hypothalamus
auditory memories are stored here
temporal lobe
