chapter 2 test Flashcards
Arthroscopy
visual examination of a joint
Bone Density Test
xray of hipbone to see if patient has osteoporosis
Bone Marrow Aspiration
using a needle + syringe to extract liquid from marrow for transportation.
CT (Computerized Tomography)
extremely high powered xray with very high radiation. Can detect stress fractures, pores, etc.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
images produced without xray radiation. uses super high powered magnets. It is very expensive but worth it.
Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
blood test that is used to detect RA.
xray
very quick, easy, affordable way to get high quality pictures with minimal radiation risk.
Arthocentesis
removal of fluid from a joint; puncture
Bone Grafting
transplanting bone from one bone to a point usually in the same patient
Bursectomy
surgical removal of the bursa
Diskectomy
surgical removal of intervertebral disk.
Spondylosyndesis
surgical fusion of a joint
Tenotomy
surgical incision of the tendon
Tendon
attaches bone to muscle (strain)
Ligament
attaches bone to bone (sprain)
Analgesic
Pain reliever by reduced inflammation
Anti-inflammatory
Both steroid and non steroid. Steroid is Rx only (corticosteroids)
Antipyretic
fever reducer
narcotic
drug that induces sleep and relieves pain
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
advil, tylenol, aleve… for short term purposes. Also more over the counter drugs.
ATT PHYS
attending physician- boss of intern/resident
CRIF
closed reduction and internal fixation
CT
computerized tomography
DJD
degenerative joint disease
PRN
as needed
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
immunosuppressants
used for autoimmune conditions by interrupting inflammation; treats rheumatoid
Anklylosis
stiff joint caused by adhesion or abnormal fusion of 2 bones into 1
osteoarthritis
“wear and tear” arthritis; cartilage degen; caused by synovial fluid
rheumatoid arthritis
patients own immune system is causing an inflammation in fluid
gout
another autoimmune arthritis in which uric acid crystals are deposited into the joint
kyphosis
accentuated thoracic curve
lordosis
exaggerated lumbar curve (swayback)
myeloma
malignant tumor of the bone marrow/muscles
ostealgia
bone pain
osteomyelitis
infection of the bone marrow
osteosarcoma
malignant tumor of the bone
scoliosis
exaggerated or any lateral curve of the T or L spine
subluxation
malalignment of a joint ( what chiropractors adjust)
comminuted
bone breaks into 2 or more fragments; crushed; common in older people with brittle bones
compression
bone is crushed in vertebral spine. (caused from own body weight/force) common in older people with osteoporosis
depressed
broken bone portion is pressed inwards; skull fracture
impacted
broken bone ends are forced into each other. Could be caused by outstretched arms, common in older osteoporotic patients.
spiral
ragged breaking occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to the bone. Common sports fracture (ACL, Tibula, Fibula)
Greenstick
bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks; common childrens injury caused by fall/force/etc.
compound (open)
when the bone ruptures through the skin
stress (running fracture)
micro fractures in the bone that occur with repetitive force.
Closed reduction
bones are gently coaxed into position by physicians hand
open reduction
bones are realigned with with instrument or by hand during surgery
manipulation (closed reduction)
attempt to realign the bone involved or joint dislocation
traction
external force exerted on a limb in a distal (axial) direction in effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment
external fixation
fracture treatment procedure in which screws/hardware are placed through the skin and into the bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of the bone firmly in place while healing
