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BJU Physical Science 9th Grade > Chapter 2 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Anything that has mass and occupies space

A

Matter

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2
Q

The law that states that the masses of chemical substances combine in definite, characteristic integer ratios when forming compounds

A

Law of Definite Proportions

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3
Q

A model that states that all physical matter exists in the form of particles in constant motion

A

Particle Model of Matter

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4
Q

The building block of all matter; consists of protons, electrons, and (usually) neutrons

A

Atom

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5
Q

A particle consisting of two or more atoms covalently bonded together

A

Molecule

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6
Q

The measure of the amount of matter in an object

A

Mass

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7
Q

The space enclosed or occupied by an object

A

Volume

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8
Q

The mass per unit volume of an object

A

Density

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9
Q

The force of gravity acting on the matter in an object

A

Weight

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10
Q

A material made of only one kind of element or compound

A

Pure Substance

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11
Q

A pure substance that consists of atoms with the same atomic number

A

Element

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12
Q

A pure substance consisting of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio

A

Compound

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13
Q

A physical combination of two or more substances in a changeable ratio

A

Mixture

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14
Q

A mixture that does not have a uniform appearance since the combined substances are unevenly distributed

A

Heterogeneous Mixture

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15
Q

A mixture that has a uniform appearance throughout; also known as a solution, especially of a solid dissolved in a liquid

A

Homogeneous Mixture

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16
Q

A substance that enters into a chemical reaction

A

Reactant

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17
Q

The random movements of microscopic particles due to collisions

A

Brownian Motion

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18
Q

The process of spreading out and mixing due to random particle motion

A

Diffusion

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19
Q

An extensive three-dimensional structure of atoms and ions built up by repeating subunits

A

Crystal Lattice

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20
Q

A mixture with a uniform appearance throughout; also called a homogeneous mixture

A

Solution

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21
Q

The state of matter in which particles vibrate in fixed positions, giving a substance a fixed shape and volume

A

Solid

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22
Q

The state of matter in which particles are close together but able to move around

A

Liquid

23
Q

The state of matter in which particles are far apart, move rapidly, and have little interaction with each other

A

Gas

24
Q

A gas-like state of matter, formed at very high temperatures, that consists of high-energy ions and free electrons

A

Plasma

25
Q

Anything about a substance that can be observed or measured without altering its chemical composition

A

Physical Property

26
Q

Any change in matter that does not alter its chemical or nuclear composition

A

Physical Change

27
Q

A change that alters the chemical composition of a substance

A

Chemical Change

28
Q

A property of a substance that describes how its chemical identity changes in the presence of another substance or under certain conditions

A

Chemical Property

29
Q

The change of state from a solid to a liquid

A

Melting

30
Q

The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid

A

Melting Point

31
Q

The change of state from a liquid to a solid

A

Freezing

32
Q

The change of state from a liquid to a gas (vapor)

A

Vaporization

33
Q

The relatively slow form of vaporization in which a liquid particles obtain sufficient energy to change the gaseous state through the random collisions of particles

A

Evaporation

34
Q

The relatively fast form of vaporization in which the energy within a liquid creates higher pressure within the liquid than the air pressure outside the liquid

A

Boiling

35
Q

The temperature at which a liquid starts to boil

A

Boiling Point

36
Q

The law that states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed, but can only change form

A

Law of Conservation of Matter

37
Q

The change of state from a gas (vapor) to a liquid

A

Condensation

38
Q

The change in state directly from a solid to a gas (vapor) without melting first

A

Sublimation

39
Q

The change in state directly from a gas (vapor) to a solid without condensing first

A

Deposition

40
Q

A physical form of matter determined by the forces between and energy of its particles

A

State of Matter

41
Q

Energy that an object possesses due to its motion

A

Kinetic Energy

42
Q

A solid with particles arranged in regular, repeating patterns

A

Crystalline Solid

43
Q

A solid that consists of a mass of particles with no discernible pattern

A

Amorphous Solid

44
Q

A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flowing

A

Viscosity

45
Q

The coldest temperature possible

A

Absolute Zero

46
Q

The physical property indicating how easily a material can be pulled into a wire

A

Ductility

47
Q

The physical property indicating how easily a material can be hammered or pressed into sheets

A

Malleability

48
Q

The physical property indicating how easily a material transfers thermal energy or electric charge

A

Conductivity

49
Q

The physical property indicating how well a substance reflects light

A

Luster

50
Q

A process that rearranges the atoms in one or more substances into one or more new substances

A

Chemical Reaction

51
Q

The chemical property indicating to what degree a material reacts with another substance

A

Reactivity

52
Q

The chemical property indicating how well a material burns in the presence of oxygen

A

Flammability

53
Q

A diagram summarizing the temperature and pressure conditions under which a pure substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas

A

Phase Diagram

54
Q

The temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and vapor stats of a substance exist in equilibrium

A

Triple Point

BJU Physical Science 9th Grade (9 decks)

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