Chapter 1 Test

Question 2

A system of moral values or a theory of proper conduct

Answer 2

Ethics

Question 3

The study of nonliving matter and energy

Answer 3

Physical Science

Question 4

The systematic study of the universe that produces observations, inferences, and models, including the products that it creates through this systematic study

Answer 4

Science

Question 5

The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, and the changes that take place in matter

Answer 5

Chemistry

Question 6

The study of matter and energy and the interactions between them

Answer 6

Physics

Question 7

A workable explanation or description of a phenomenon

Answer 7

Model

Question 8

A model that explains a related set of phenomena; can be used to predict unobserved aspects of the phenomena

Answer 8

Theory

Question 9

A model, often expressed as a mathematical equation, that describes phenomena under certain conditions

Answer 9

Law

Question 10

The basis upon which a model is assessed, taking into account how well it explains or describes a set of observations and how well the model makes predictions

Answer 10

Workability

Question 11

An ongoing, orderly, cyclical approach used to investigate the world

Answer 11

Scientific Inquiry

Question 12

An initial, testable explanation of a phenomenon that stimulates and guides scientific investigation

Answer 12

Hypothesis

Question 13

The basic law that states that every effect has a specific, identifiable cause, and for every cause there is a definite and predictable effect

Answer 13

Law of Cause and Effect

Question 14

An observable or measurable event, object, process, or property

Answer 14

Phenomenon

Question 15

The basic law that says that nature acts the same today as it yesterday and that we can fully expect it to act the same way tomorrow

Answer 15

Principle of Uniformity

Question 16

How a person views the world; a set of basic beliefs, assumptions, and values that arises from an overarching narrative about the world and that produces individual and group action

Answer 16

Worldview

Question 17

The apparent motion of some planets in which they appear to slow down, stop, reverse their direction, and then resume their normal motion

Answer 17

Retrograde Motion

Question 18

The assessment process for scientific research in which other scientists review and respond to research

Answer 18

Peer Review

Question 19

Data that is based on numbers or quantities; includes a number and a unit; also known as quantitative data

Answer 19

Measurement

Question 20

A standardized system of measurement units used for science

Answer 20

SI

Question 21

The comparison of a measurement to an accepted or expected value

Answer 21

Accuracy

Question 22

The degree of exactness of a measurement; can indicate the closeness or repeatability of measurements

Answer 22

Precision

Question 23

The collection of observations made by scientists during investigations

Answer 23

Data

Question 24

A unit that is a mathematical combination of fundamental SI units

Answer 24

Derived Unit

Question 25

Two quantities with different units that are equivalent to each other and that are written as a fraction

Answer 25

Conversion Factor

Question 26

The force of gravity acting on the matter in an object

Answer 26

Weight

Question 27

The measure of the amount of matter in an object

Answer 27

Mass