Chapter 2 Terms Pertaining to the body as a whole Flashcards
Pertaining to fat
adipose
a/di/pos
(AH-dih-pohs)
Process of building up large proteins from small proteins
anabolism
a/nab/o/liz/im
Hint up
(ah-NAB-o-liz-im)
Pertaining to producing cancer
carcinogenic
car/sin/o/jen/ic
(kar-sih-no-JEN-ik)
Flexible connective tissue attached to bone at joint
cartilage
car/ta/lig
(KAR-tih-lij)
Process nutrients are broken down to simpler substance and energy is released
catabolism
ca/tab/o/liz/im
(kah-TAB-o-liz-im)
Structure surrounding, protecting cell, determines what enters and leaves
cell membrane
sel/mem/brain
(sel MEM-brayn)
Tailbone
coccyx
cock/siks
(KOK-siks)
Incison of the skull
craniotomy
cran/ne/ot/o/me
*Hint cutting
(kra-ne-OT-o-me)
Muscle separating abdominal and thoracic cavities
diaphragm
di/a/fram
(DI-ah-fram)
Far from the point of attachment to the trunk Example
end of femur joins with knee
distal
dis/tal
*Hint femur and knee
(DIS-tal)
Chemical found in each chromosome directs actives of the cell
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
(de-ox-e-ri-bo-nu-KLE-ik AS-id)
Network of canals in cytoplasm of cell, large proteins are made from smaller proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
en/do/plaz/mic/
re/tik/u/lum
(en-do-PLAZ-mik reh-TIK-u-lum)
Skin cells that cover outside of body, lines internal surfaces of organs.
epithelial cell
e/p/i/the/le/al
(ep-ih-THE-le-al sels)
Regions of DNA in each chromosome
genes
(jeenz)
Specialist in study of tissues
histologist
his/ta/low/gis
(his-TOL-o-gist)
Right and left upper abdominopelvic regions beneath ribs
hypochondriac region
hi/po/con/dre/ak
(hi-po-KON-dre-ak RE-jens)
Below structure, pertaining to lower portion
inferior
in/fear/e/or
(in-FE-re-or)
Groin
inguin/o
in/g/wa/no
Picture of chromosome in nucleus of a cell
Arranged in numerical order, determine their number and structure
karyotype
kar/e/o/type
(KAIR-e-o-type)
Voice box located above trachea (windpipe)
larynx
lar/inks
(LAH-rinks)
Pertaining to the side
lateral
(LAT-er-al)
This condition, a slight increase in normal white blood cells
leukocytosis
lu/ko/si/to/sis
(lu-ko-si-TO-sis)
Centrally located space outside of and between lungs
(thoracic cavity)
mediastinum
med/de/a/s/ti/num
(me-de-ah-STI-num)
Total chemical process in cell. Includes catabolism and anabolism
metabolism
meh/tab/o/liz/im
(meh-TAB-o-liz-im)
Rod-shaped structure in cytoplasm
mitochondria
mi/to/con/dre/ah
(mi-to-KON-dre-ah)
Control center of cell, contains chromosomes, directs activities of cell
nucleus
new/cle/us
(NU-cle-us)
Throat, common passageway for food and air
pharynx
fair/inks
(FAH-rinks)
Endocrine gland at base of brain
pituitary gland
(pih-TU-ih-ter-e gland)
Space between pleural layer
Extra —pleuraDouble-folded membrane surrounding each lung. Pleural means pertaining to the pleura. HINT: Don’t confuse pleural with plural, which means more than one!
pleural cavity
plur/al
(PLUR-al KAV-ih-te)
Near point of attachment to trunk
example end of thigh bone joins with hip socket
proximal
proks/i/mal
Hint thigh bone and hip
(PROKS-ih-mal)
Right upper quadrant
RUQ
Divides body into left and right sides
sagittal plane
sa/ji/tall
(SAJ-ih-tal playn)
Flesh (connective tissue)
sarc/o
Cancer tumor that grow in connective tissue
sarcoma
sar/coma
Sarc/o -flesh or connective tissue
(sar-KO-mah)
Pertaining to the head or above structure
superior
(su-PE-re-or)
Lying on back
supine
sue/pine
Supine on your spin
(su-PINE)
Horizontal plane dividing body into upper and lower portions
transverse plane
(axial plane)
(tranz-VERS playn)
One of two tubes, leading from a single kidney to urinary bladder
ureter
(U-reh-ter)
Tube from urinary bladder to outside of body
urethra
( u-RE-thrah)
Pad of cartilage between vertebrae in spine
vertebral disc
ver/te/bral
(ver-TE-bral)
Single Backbone
bonus - Backbones
vertebra
ver/ta/bra
vertebrae
ver/ta/bray
bonus
VER-teh-brah
Internal organs
viscera
( VIS-er-ah)
