Chapter 1 Medical Terms, Prefixes and Suffixes Flashcards
aden/o
a/d/no
Gland
adenectomy
a/d/nectomy
aden/o - gland
(ad-en-ECK-to-my)
Surgical removal of gland
anemia
a/ne/mia
(ah-NE-me-ah)
Condition marked by reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in blood.
arth/o
ar/throw
Joint
arthralgia
ar/thral/g/a
arthr/o - joint
-algia - pain
(ar-THRAL-jah)
Joint pain
biospy
bi/op/se
bi/o - life
(BI-op-se)
Removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination.
carcin/o
car/sino
Cancer
carcinoma
car/sin/no/ma
carcin/o - cancer
oma -tumor, mass, collection of blood
(kar-sih-NO-mah)
Cancerous (malignant) tumor.
cerebral
su/re/bre/all
cerebr/o - cerecrum
al - pertaining to
(seh-RE-bral)
Pertaining to the cerebrum (largest part of the brain).
cyst/o
sis/to
Urinary Bladder
cystoscopy
sis/tos/to/me
cyst/o - urinary bladder
-scopy - process of visually examining
(sis-TOS-to-me)
Visual examination of the urinary bladder.
cyt/o
cy/to
Cell
dermatosis
derm/o - skin
-osis - condition, usually adnormal
(der-ma-TO-sis)
Abnormal condition of the skin
dia-
di/a
Complete or through
diagnosis
di/ag/no/sis
dia- = complete, through
(di-ag-NO-sis)
Complete knowledge of a patient’s condition.
electroencephalogram
electro/en/cef/a/low/gram
electr/o - electricity
encephal/o - brain
-gram - record
(eh-lek-tro-en-SEF-ah-lo-gram)
Record of the electricity in the brain.
encephal/o
en/cef/alo
Brain
encephalopathy
en/cef/al/opathy
encepha/o - brain
-pathy - disease
(en-seh-fah-LOP-ath-e)
Disease of the brain
endoscope
endo/scope
endo- = within
-scope - instrument to visually examine
(EN-do-skope)
Instrument to visually examine the interior of the body.
epi-
e/pee
Above,Upon
gastrectomy
gast/strec/omy
gastr/o - stomach
-ectomy - removal, excision
(gas-TREK-to-me)
Removal or excision of the stomach
-gram
Record
hematoma
he/ma/toma
hem/o - blood
hemat/o - blood
oma - mass, tumor, swelling
(he-mah-TO-mah)
Collection or mass of blood.
hepatoma
hep/a/toma
hepat/o - liver
oma - tumor, mass, swelling
(hep-ah-TO-mah)
Tumor (cancerous) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.
hyper-
hi/per
Excessive, Above, More than normal
hyperglycemia
hi/per/gly/sima
hyper - excessive, above, more than normal
sugar
(hi-per-gli-SE-me-ah)
High levels of sugar in the bloodstream; associated with diabetes mellitus.
hypo-
hi/po
Deficient, Below, Under, Less than normal
iatrogenic
i/at/tro/genic
iatr/o - treatment, physician
-genic - pertaining to producing
(i-ah-tro-JEN-ik)
Pertaining to produced by a treatment or a procedure.
-itis
i/tis
Inflammation
leukemia
loo/key/mia
(lu-KE-me-ah)
Blood condition of high numbers of malignant (cancerous) white blood cells.
-logy
low/gee
Process of study
nephrosis
nef/ro/sis
nephr/o - kidney
-sis - state of, condition
(nef-RO-sis)
Abnormal condition of the kidney.
neuralgia
nur/al/gia
(nu-RAL-jah)
Nerve pain.
-oma
o/ma
Tumor, mass, swelling
onc/o
on/co
Tumor (cancerous)
oncologist
on/call/ogist
(on-KOL-o-gist)
Specialist in the study of tumors; particularly malignant (cancerous) tumors.
ophthalm/o
op/thal/mo
Eye
ophthalmoscope
op/thal/ma/scope
(of-THAL-mo-skope)
Instrument to visually examine the eyes.
-ospy
op/see
Process of viewing
oste/o
os/t-o
bone
osteitis
os/tea/itis
oste/o - bone
-itis - inflammation
(os-te-I-tis)
Inflammation of the bone
osteotomy
os/tea/aw/tomy
oste/o - bone
-tomy - process of cutting, incision
(os-te-OT-o-me)
Incision of a bone.
path/o
path/o
Disease
pathologist
path/all/agist
path/o - disease
-ist - specialist
(path-OL-o-jist)
Specialist in the study of disease; evaluates biopsies, and performs autopsies.
pathology
path/all/ogy
path/o - disease
-logy - study of
(path-OL-o-je)
Study of disease.
peri-
perry
Surrounding, around
psych/o
si/co
Mind
psychosis
si/co/sist
psych/o - mind
-sis - state of, condition
(si-KO-sis)
Loss of contact with reality; often with delusions and hallucinations.
ren/o
re/no
Kidneys
rhin/o
ri/no
Nose
rhinitis
ri/night/is
rhin/o - nose
-itis - inflammation
(ri-NI-tis)
Inflammation of the nose.
sarc/o
sar/co
Flesh
-scopy
s/k/opy
Process of visually examing
thromb/o
th/rom/bo
Clot, Clotting
thrombocyte
th/rom/bo/site
thromb/o -clot, clotting
-cyte - cell
(THROM-bo-site)
Clotting cell; platelet
trans-
Across, through
transhepatic
trans/he/pa/tic
trans- across, through
hepat/o - liver
-ic - pertaining to
(tranz-heh-PAT-ik)
Pertaining to through or across the liver.
ur/o
uurrr/o
Urinary Bladder
ileum
(iL-e-UM)
Remember e as in eat
Third part of the small intestine
ilium
(IL-e-um)
Upper and largest portion of the hip bone
Hyperglycemia and Diabetes
(hi-per-gli-SE-me-ah)
(di-ah-BE-teez)
High blood sugar
frequently assoicated with diabetes.
People with diabetes have high blood sugar levels because they lack insulin (in type 1 diabetes) or have ineffective insulin (in type 2 diabetes). Insulin is the hormone normally released by the pancreas
Sugar (glucose) is then broken down in cells to release energy. When insulin is not present, sugar cannot enter cells and builds up in the bloodstream
Complex Suffixes
-scopy contains embedded root word.
-opsy (ops is a root)
-logy (log is a root)
Urologist
ur/o - urinary tract
(u-ROL-o-gist)
Specialist in the study of the urinary tract.
Nephrologist
nef/ral/o/gist
nephr/o - kidney
(nef-ROL-o-jist)
Specialist who diagnoses and treats disorders of kidneys.
Ophthalmologist
op/thal/mall/o/gist
ophthalm/o - eye
(of-thal-MOL-o-jist)
Medical doctor specializing in the diseases of the eye.
Optometrist
op/tom/meh/trist
(op-TOM-eh-trist)
Non-medical professional
Examine and measure the eye to prescribe and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses.
Optician
op/tish/an
(op-TISH-an)
Non-medical professional trained in grinding lenses and fitting eyeglasses.
