Chapter 2 - TERMS

Question 1

Agile Development

Answer 1

Agile development methods incorporate iteration and the continuous feedback that it provides to successively refine and deliver a software system. They all involve continuous planning, continuous testing, continuous integration, and other forms of continuous evolution of both the project and the software.

Question 2

Agile development techniques

Answer 2

Extreme programming, Scrum, and dynamic systems development method (DSDM).

Question 3

CASE repository

Answer 3

The central component of any CASE tool is the CASE repository, otherwise known as the information repository or data dictionary. The CASE repository stores
the diagrams and other project information, such as screen and report designs, and it keeps track of how the diagrams fit together.

Example: Most CASE tools will
warn you if you place a field on a screen design that doesn’t exist in your data
model.

Question 4

CIO (chief information officer)

Answer 4

CIO:s are challenged to select projects
that will provide the highest possible return on IT investments while managing
project risk.

Question 5

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)

Answer 5

It is a category of software

that automates all or part of the development process.

Question 6

Documentation

Answer 6

Another technique that project teams put in place during the planning phase is good documentation, which includes detailed information about the tasks of the SDLC.

Question 7

Estimation

Answer 7

It is the process of assigning

projected values for time and effort.

Question 8

Feature creep

Answer 8

It is the ongoing expansion or addition of new features in a product.
It can result in over-complication, rather than simple design.

Question 9

Functional lead

Answer 9

A functional lead usually is assigned to manage a group of analysts, and a technical lead oversees the progress of a group of programmers and
more technical staff members

Question 10

Group cohesiveness

Answer 10

The attraction that members
feel to the group and to other members) contributes more to productivity than do
project members’ individual capabilities or experiences.

Question 11

Iterative development

Answer 11

Iterative development breaks the

overall project into a series of versions that are developed in a logical order.

Question 12

lower CASE

Answer 12

It is a design-phase tools that create the diagrams and then generate code for database tables and system functionality.

Question 13

Methodology

Answer 13

A methodology is a determined approach to implementing the SDLC.

Question 14

Milestones

Answer 14

Important dates identified in the work plan.

Question 15

Parallel development

Answer 15

Instead of doing the design and implementation in
sequence, a general design for the whole system is performed. Then the project is
divided into a series of subprojects that can be designed and implemented in parallel. (Find picture on page 53)

Question 16

Project binder

Answer 16

Often, the documentation is stored in project binder that contain all the deliverables and all the internal communication that takes place—the
history of the project

Question 17

Project portfolio

management

Answer 17

A process of selecting, prioritizing, and monitoring project results

Question 18

Rapid Application Development

Answer 18

RAD incorporates special techniques and computer
tools to speed up the analysis, design, and implementation phases in order to get
some portion of the system developed quickly and into the hands of the users for
evaluation and feedback.

Question 19

Reporting structure

Answer 19

—–Project Manager——-
I I
Functional lead Technical lead
I I I I I
Analyst Analyst Analyst Progammer Progammer

Question 20

Risk assessment

Answer 20

A document that tracks

potential risks along with an evaluation of the likelihood of the risk and its potential impact on the project.

Question 21

Risk management

Answer 21

One final facet of project management is risk management, the process of assessing
and addressing the risks that are associated with developing a project.

Question 22

Scope creep

Answer 22

Scope creep happens when new requirements are added to the project after the original project scope was defined and “frozen.”

Question 23

Staffing plan

Answer 23

It describes the number and kinds of people who will work on the project, the overall reporting
structure, and the project charter, which describes the project’s objectives and rules.

Question 24

Standards

Answer 24

Standards are created to ensure that team members are performing tasks in the same way and following the same procedures.

Question 25

System prototyping

(RAD)

Answer 25

System prototyping performs the analysis, design, and implementation phases concurrently in order to quickly develop a simplified version of the proposed system
and give it to the users for evaluation and feedback.

Question 26

Technical lead

Answer 26

A technical lead oversees the progress of a group of programmers and more technical staff members.

Question 27

Throwaway prototyping

(RAD)

Answer 27

It includes the development of prototypes, but uses the
prototypes primarily to explore design alternatives rather than as the actual new system
(as in system prototyping).

Question 28

Timeboxing

Answer 28

This technique sets a fixed deadline for a project and delivers the system by that deadline no matter what, even if functionality needs to be reduced.

Question 29

Trade-offs

Answer 29

The organization must give up something in return for something else in order to keep
its portfolio well balanced.

Question 30

Upper CASE

Answer 30

It is primarily used during the analysis phase to create integrated diagrams of the system
and to store information regarding the system components.

Question 31

V-model

Answer 31

The V-model is another variation of waterfall development that pays more
explicit attention to testing. (53)

Question 32

Work breakdown structure

Answer 32

A top-down approach whereby high-level tasks are defined first and then broken down into subtasks. Each step is then broken down in turn and numbered
in a hierarchical fashion.

Question 33

Work Plan

Answer 33

It is a dynamic schedule that records and keeps track of all of the tasks that need to be accomplished over the course of the project.

Question 34

Waterfall development

Answer 34

Once the work produced in one phase is approved, the phase ends and the next phase begins.