Chapter 2 - TERMS Flashcards
Agile Development
Agile development methods incorporate iteration and the continuous feedback that it provides to successively refine and deliver a software system. They all involve continuous planning, continuous testing, continuous integration, and other forms of continuous evolution of both the project and the software.
Agile development techniques
Extreme programming, Scrum, and dynamic systems development method (DSDM).
CASE repository
The central component of any CASE tool is the CASE repository, otherwise known as the information repository or data dictionary. The CASE repository stores
the diagrams and other project information, such as screen and report designs, and it keeps track of how the diagrams fit together.
Example: Most CASE tools will
warn you if you place a field on a screen design that doesn’t exist in your data
model.
CIO (chief information officer)
CIO:s are challenged to select projects
that will provide the highest possible return on IT investments while managing
project risk.
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
It is a category of software
that automates all or part of the development process.
Documentation
Another technique that project teams put in place during the planning phase is good documentation, which includes detailed information about the tasks of the SDLC.
Estimation
It is the process of assigning
projected values for time and effort.
Feature creep
It is the ongoing expansion or addition of new features in a product.
It can result in over-complication, rather than simple design.
Functional lead
A functional lead usually is assigned to manage a group of analysts, and a technical lead oversees the progress of a group of programmers and
more technical staff members
Group cohesiveness
The attraction that members
feel to the group and to other members) contributes more to productivity than do
project members’ individual capabilities or experiences.
Iterative development
Iterative development breaks the
overall project into a series of versions that are developed in a logical order.
lower CASE
It is a design-phase tools that create the diagrams and then generate code for database tables and system functionality.
Methodology
A methodology is a determined approach to implementing the SDLC.
Milestones
Important dates identified in the work plan.
Parallel development
Instead of doing the design and implementation in
sequence, a general design for the whole system is performed. Then the project is
divided into a series of subprojects that can be designed and implemented in parallel. (Find picture on page 53)
Project binder
Often, the documentation is stored in project binder that contain all the deliverables and all the internal communication that takes place—the
history of the project
Project portfolio
management
A process of selecting, prioritizing, and monitoring project results
Rapid Application Development
RAD incorporates special techniques and computer
tools to speed up the analysis, design, and implementation phases in order to get
some portion of the system developed quickly and into the hands of the users for
evaluation and feedback.
Reporting structure
—–Project Manager——-
I I
Functional lead Technical lead
I I I I I
Analyst Analyst Analyst Progammer Progammer
Risk assessment
A document that tracks
potential risks along with an evaluation of the likelihood of the risk and its potential impact on the project.
Risk management
One final facet of project management is risk management, the process of assessing
and addressing the risks that are associated with developing a project.
Scope creep
Scope creep happens when new requirements are added to the project after the original project scope was defined and “frozen.”
Staffing plan
It describes the number and kinds of people who will work on the project, the overall reporting
structure, and the project charter, which describes the project’s objectives and rules.
Standards
Standards are created to ensure that team members are performing tasks in the same way and following the same procedures.
System prototyping
(RAD)
System prototyping performs the analysis, design, and implementation phases concurrently in order to quickly develop a simplified version of the proposed system
and give it to the users for evaluation and feedback.
Technical lead
A technical lead oversees the progress of a group of programmers and more technical staff members.
Throwaway prototyping
(RAD)
It includes the development of prototypes, but uses the
prototypes primarily to explore design alternatives rather than as the actual new system
(as in system prototyping).
Timeboxing
This technique sets a fixed deadline for a project and delivers the system by that deadline no matter what, even if functionality needs to be reduced.
Trade-offs
The organization must give up something in return for something else in order to keep
its portfolio well balanced.
Upper CASE
It is primarily used during the analysis phase to create integrated diagrams of the system
and to store information regarding the system components.
V-model
The V-model is another variation of waterfall development that pays more
explicit attention to testing. (53)
Work breakdown structure
A top-down approach whereby high-level tasks are defined first and then broken down into subtasks. Each step is then broken down in turn and numbered
in a hierarchical fashion.
Work Plan
It is a dynamic schedule that records and keeps track of all of the tasks that need to be accomplished over the course of the project.
Waterfall development
Once the work produced in one phase is approved, the phase ends and the next phase begins.
