Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards
C______ P_________ UNIT (CPU) the part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) the part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.
A___________/L______ UNIT (ALU) the part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.
ARITHEMETIC/LOGIC UNIT (ALU) the part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.
CONTROL UNIT the part of the CPU that s__________ accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, the registers, the primary storage, and even secondary storage and various out-put devices.
CONTROL UNIT the part of the CPU that sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, the registers, the primary storage, and even secondary storage and various out-put devices.
CLOCK SPEED A series of electronic p_______ produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time.
CLOCK SPEED A series of electronic pulses produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time.
BYTE eight bits that together represent a single c_________ of data.
BYTE eight bits that together represent a single character of data.
RANDOM ACCESS MEMROY (RAM) a form of memory in which instructions or data can be t_________ stored.
RANDOM ACCESS MEMROY (RAM0a form of memory in which instructions or data can be temporarily stored.
HARDWARE refers to the physical components of a computer to perform the i______, p_________, s_________, and o_______ activities.
HARDWARE refers to the physical components of a computer to perform the input, processing, storage, and output activities.
READ ONLY MEMORY (ROM)a non-v________ form of memory
READ ONLY MEMORY (ROM)a non-volatile form of memory
MULTIPROCESSING simultaneous execution of two or more i________________
MULTIPROCESSING simultaneous execution of two or more instructions.
PARALLEL COMPUTING the simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple p___________ to obtain results much faster.
PARALLEL COMPUTING the simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results much faster.
G_____ COMPUTING the use of a collection of computers, often owned by multiple individuals or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.
GRID COMPUTING the use of a collection of computers, often owned by multiple individuals or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.
MAGENTIC TAPE a type of sequential s__________ storage medium, now used primarily for storing backups of critical organizational data in the event of a disaster.
MAGENTIC TAPE a type of sequential secondary storage medium, now used primarily for storing backups of critical organizational data in the event of a disaster.
HARD DRIVE (HDD) provides direct access to stored data. The read/write head can move directly to the location of a desired piece of data, dramatically reducing a_______ times as compared to magnetic tape.
HARD DRIVE (HDD)provide direct access to stored data. The read/write head can move directly to the location of a desired piece of data, dramatically reducing access times as compared to magnetic tape.
REDUNDANT ARRAY OF INDEPENDENT/INEXPENSIVE DISC (RAID) a method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data, allowing the system to create a “r______________ map” so that if a hard drive fails, the system can rebuild the lost data.
REDUNDANT ARRAY OF INDEPENDENT/INEXPENSIVE DISC (RAID) a method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data, allowing the system to create a “reconstruction map” so that if a hard drive fails, the system can rebuild the lost data.
STORAGE AREA NETWORK (SAN) special purpose, high speed network that provides h_____-speed connections among data storage devices and computers over a network.
STORAGE AREA NETWORK (SAN) special purpose, high speed network that provides hig-speed connections among data storage devices and computers over a network.
RFID a technology that employs a microchip with an a_________ to broadcast its unique identifier and location to receivers.
RFID a technology that employs a microchip with an antenna to broadcast its unique identifier and location to receivers.
LCD flat display that uses liquid crystals—organic oil-like material placed between two p___________ to form character’s and graphic images on a backlit screen.
LCD flat display that uses liquid crystals—organic oil-like material placed between two polarizers to form character’s and graphic images on a backlit screen.
S______ a computer used by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or internet applications.
SERVER a computer used by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or internet applications.
BLADE SERVER a server that houses many individual computer mother-boards that include one or more p_________, computer memory, computer storage, and computer n________ connections.
BLADE SERVER a server that houses many individual computer mother-boards that include on or more processors, computer memory, computer storage, and computer network connections.
____ 1. People involved in selecting their organization’s computer hardware need not understand current and future business requirements, they simply need to understand the technology so they can make informed acquisition decisions.
__F__ 1. People involved in selecting their organization’s computer hardware NEET TO understand current and future business requirements, AND to understand the technology so they can make informed acquisition decisions.
____ 2. The clock speed affects machine cycle time and the rate at which the computer executes instructions.
__T__ 2. The clock speed affects machine cycle time and the rate at which the computer executes instructions.
____ 3. Compared to main memory, secondary storage offers the advantages of non-volatility, increased capacity, and lower costs.
__T__ 3. Compared to main memory, secondary storage offers the advantages of non-volatility, increased capacity, and lower costs.
____ 4. The overall trend in secondary storage devices is toward use of direct access methods, higher capacity, and increased volatility.
__F__ 4. The overall trend in secondary storage devices is toward use of direct access methods, higher capacity, and DECREASED volatility.
____ 5. Chip-and-PIN cards employ a computer chip that communicates with a card reader using radio frequencies and require different terminals that those used for magnetic stripe cards.
__T__ 5. Chip-and-PIN cards employ a computer chip that communicates with a card reader using radio frequencies and require different terminals that those used for magnetic stripe cards.
____ 6. To run, applications request services from the operating system through a defined application program interface.
__T__ 6. To run, applications request services from the operating system through a defined application program interface.
____ 7. The ability of a computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly is called multitasking.
__F__ 7. The ability of a computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly is called multitasking.
____ 8. Middleware is software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data.
__T__ 8. Middleware is software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data.
____ 9. Proprietary software is a one-of-a-kind program developed for a specific purpose.
__T__ 9. Proprietary software is a one-of-a-kind program developed for a specific purpose.
____ 10. Programming languages are sets of keywords, symbols, and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.
__T__ 10. Programming languages are sets of keywords, symbols, and rules for constructing statements that people can use to communicate instructions to a computer.
