Chapter 2: Structuralism Flashcards
Saussure attacked the conventional……………..theory of meaning whereby language was viewed as a naming process.
(correspondence-despondence)
correspondence
According to Saussure, the meaning is determined by collective behavior or…………and is fixed by rules.
(convention-individual)
convention
Language is a system of signs and meaning itself is………, produced by interaction of various signifiers and signifieds within that system.
(relational-relative)
relational
Levi-Strauss arrived at some influential insights into the nature of myth. (true or false)
true
What gives a myth an enduring value is that the specific pattern described is……………… (timeless-timeline)
timeless
Levi-Strauss considered that in modern societies myth has been largely replaced by………..
(politics-policy)
politics
An important claim of Levi-Strauss was that his method eliminates the problematic quest for a true or earlier……..of a myth.
(version-conversion)
version
Structuralism………….sharply from the Romantic notion of the author as the source of meaning.
(diverged-converged)
diverged
Ferdinand de Saussure was effectively the founder of modern………….,as well as of Structuralism.
(linguistics-phonetics)
linguistics
Prior to Saussure, the predominant modes of analyzing language were…………
(geographical and philosophical-historical and philological)
historical and philological
Saussure undertook a…………….approach which saw language as a structure that could be studied in its entirely at a given point in time.
(synchronic-sympathic)
synchronic
Saussure argued that language is a system of signs in relation: no sign has meaning in…………
(isolation-desolation)
isolation
In his course in General linguistics, Saussure explains that it is langue, not the acts of speech, which must be the………………of scientific investigation.
(abject-object)
object
Saussure sign urges that both terms of the Linguistic are psychological in nature. (true or false)
true
'’Signified’’ designates the object; and ‘‘signifier’‘…………………the sound.
(designates-eliminates)
designates
The sign has two……………characteristics.
primordial-predominant
primordial
According to Saussure the bound between signifier and signified is………………..
(arbitrary-dreary)
arbitrary
Saussure makes a……………..distinction between linguistic value and signification.
(crucial-crucible)
crucial
It was Barthes who made famous the notion of ‘‘the…………….of the author’’.
(death-survival)
death
In ‘‘writing degree zero’’, Barthes examines the development of literary forms. (true or false)
true
Barthes said that the motivation for his subsequent book, ‘‘Mythologies’’, was………………………….at the bourgeois confusion of nature and history.
(resentment-presentment)
resentment
Barthes’s most fundamental suggestion is that myth is not an……………, a concept, or an idea but a language, a type of………………
(object/speech-subject/writing)
object/speech
What has been most influential in Barthes’s account of myth is his………………of the process of myth-making with the process of myth-making with the process of bourgeois.
(equation-equalation)
equation
According to Barthes, there are two basic ways in which myth can be opposed or………………
(undermined-underlined)
undermined
Barthes’s ‘‘Elements of Semiology’’ is in many ways a…………….statement of Structuralism.
(classic-romantic)
classic
On the connection of signifier and signified, Barthes rejects Saussure’s renowned claim that this connection is…………………
(arbitrary-intentional)
arbitrary
