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ultrasound physics > Chapter 2: sound > Flashcards

Chapter 2: sound Flashcards

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1
Q

Sound only travels through ____

A

Media

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2
Q

soft tissue

A

body

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3
Q

All waves

A

carry energy from one location to another

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4
Q

sound is what kind of wave?

A

Mechanical; in which the particles in the medium move.

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5
Q

compressed

A

squeezed together

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6
Q

rarefied

A

stretched apart

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7
Q

sound cannot travel through

A

a vacuum

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8
Q

sound travels in a _______ line

A

straight

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9
Q

sound waves are ________ waves

A

longitudinal

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10
Q

acoustic propagation properties

A

The effects of the medium upon the sound wave

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11
Q

biologic effects

A

the effects of the sound wave upon the biologic tissue through which it passes

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12
Q

pressure

A

concentration of force in an area.

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13
Q

pascals (Pa)

A

pressure

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14
Q

Density

A

concentration of mass in a volume.

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15
Q

kg/cm^3

A

density

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16
Q

distance

A

measure of particle motion.

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17
Q

cm, feet, mile

A

units of distance

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18
Q

oscillation

A

to move back and forth at a regular speed

19
Q

Three acoustic variables used to distinguish between sound waves and other types of waves.

A

pressure, density, and distance

20
Q

7 acoustic parameters used to describe sound waves

A

-period
-frequency
-amplitude
-power
-intensity
-wavelength
-propagation speed

21
Q

All waves ____ from one location to another

A

energy

22
Q

Sound waves are ____ in which particles in the medium move back and forth from a fixed position

A

mechanical

23
Q

Transverse Wave

A

particles move in a perpendicular direction to the direction the wave propagates

24
Q

If one of these acoustic variables has ______ then the wave is a sound wave

A

rhythmic oscillations

25
Q

Sound waves

A

acoustic waves

26
Q

In-phase waves

A

peas and valleys occur at the same time in both waves. “in step”

27
Q

Out-of-phase waves

A

occur when peaks and valleys occur at different times.` “out of step”

28
Q

Both in phase and out-of-phase can undergo

A

interference

29
Q

Interference

A

occurs when the waves lose their individual characteristics at that moment and combine to make a single wave.

30
Q

constructive interefence

A

resulting wave is larger than either component

31
Q

destructive interference

A

resulting wave is smaller than either component

32
Q

what do waves transfer from one location to another?
a. matter
b. molecules
c. energy
d. water

A

C. energy

33
Q

which of the following best describes sound waves?
A. a series of compressions and rarefactions
B. waves that are heard by man
C. movements of molecules and energy from one location to another
D. waves that used to make images of anatomy

A

A. a series of compressions and rarefactions

34
Q

Which of the following does not belong with the others?
A. compression
B. Region of high density
C. Region of high pressure
D. Wide molecular spacing

A

D. wide molecular spacing

35
Q

Variations in all of the following identify specific waves as acoustic waves EXCEPT:
A.Pressure
B. Parameters
C. Density
D. Acoustic variables

A

B. Parameters

36
Q

All of the following are true of sound waves EXCEPT;
A. they are acoustic
B. they are pressure waves
C. they are transverse waves
D. they move energy

A

C. sound waves are longitudinal

37
Q

All of the following are acoustic parameters EXCEPT;
A. pressure
B. period
C. propagation speed
D. frequency

A

A. pressure
it is an acoustic variable not a parameter

38
Q

which of the following best describes sound waves?
A. transverse, pressure waves
B. transverse, longitudinal waves
C. longitudinal, out-of-phase waves
D. longitudinal, pressure waves

A

D. longitudinal, pressure waves

39
Q

Two waves are traveling in a medium and arrive at a location at the same. What even takes places?
A. constructive interference
B. destructive interference
C. interference
D. reflection

A

C. interference

40
Q

Which types of waves will exhibit both constructive and destructive interference?
A. waves of different amplitude
B. a pair of longitudinal waves
C. waves of different frequency
D. out-of-phase waves

A

c. both constructive and destructive interference occurs with waves at different frequencies.

41
Q

What units are used to report the pressure of a sound beam?
A. pounds
B. centimeters
C. pascals
D. kg/cm

A

C. Pascals. Pressure is appropriately reported with units of Pa.

42
Q

True or False? Acoustic variables allow us to determine which waves are sound waves and which are not.

A

True

43
Q

True or False? Acoustic parameters are used to describe features of sound waves.

A

True.

ultrasound physics (10 decks)

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