Chapter 1: the basics Flashcards
Giga
billion
mega
million
kilo
thousand
hector
hundred
deca
ten
deci
tenth
centi
hundredth
milli
thousandth
micro
millionth
nano
billionth
for a numerical answer to be comprehensive, it requires a…
Unit
Increase by a factor
to multiply by that number
ex: increase by a factor of 3 means 3 times larger.
Decrease by a factor
to divide by that number
ex: decrease by a factor of 2 means one-half.
Horizontal axis
runs __ to __
x-axis
side to side
Vertical axis
runs __ to __
y-axis
up and down
go
make
kyle
hector
danny
dave
clean
my
messy
nissan
giga
mega
kilo
hecta
deca
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
Two items that are not associated
unrelated
ex; hair color is unrelated to shoe size
Directly related
two items that are associated such that when one item increases, the other increases, as well.
ex: skill is directly related to experience
Directly proportional
two items that are associated. When one item increases, the other increases, too.
ex: clothing is directly proportional to one’s weight
related
two items that are associated or affiliated. However the relationship between the items does not have to be specified
ex: weight is related to dieting.
proportional
two items that are related. The relationship between the items is not determined.
ex; Exam score is proportional to studying.
inversely related
two items are associated that when one item increases, the other decreases
ex: Gold score is inversely related to skill
inversely proportional
two items that when one of the items increase the other will decrease as a result.
ex: Grades in school are inversely proportional to partying.
reciprocal relationship
Special form of inverse relationship. when two numbers with a reciprocal relationship are multiplied together, the result is one.
ex: 2 and 1/2 are reciprocals.
G & n
Giga & nano
billions and billionths
millions & millionths
mega & micro
M & µ
kilo & milli
k & m
thousand & thousandths
h & c
hundreds and hundredths
hecto & centi
da & d
tens & tenths
deca & deci
positive exponent
value greater than 10
ex: 1,000,000 + 1.0 x 10^6
negative exponent
value less than 1
ex: 0.0000000124 = 1.24 x 10^-7
exponent of zero
value between 1 and 10
ex: 1742 +1.742 x 10^3
units of length
cm, mm, feet, inches
units of area
cm² , ft²
units of volume
cm³, ft³
1000 mg to g
1 g
divide by 1,000
1 L to mL
1,000 mL
multiply by 1,000
160 cm to mm
1600 mm
multiply by 10
14 km to m
14,000 m
multiply by 1,000
100 g to kg
0.01 kg
divide by 1,000
250 m to km
0.25
divide by 1,000
56 cm (<,>,=) 6 m?
<, 56 cm is less than 6 meters.
56 cm/100 = 0.56 meters
7 g (<,>,=) 698 mg ?
> , 7 g is greater than 698 mg
7 g*1,000= 7,000
How are the size of a tree and its age related?
a. inversely
b. directly
c. unrelated
B. directly
how is the age of a loaf related to its freshness?
a. inversely
b. directly
c. unrelated
inversely
how are the height of a person and the color of his car related?
a. inversely
b. directly
c. unrelated
c. unrelated
which of the following is an appropriate unit for area?
A. seconds
b. yards
c. inches
d. cm^3
e. square yards
E. square yards. area is measures in units of length squared
List the following in INCREASING order
A. mega
B. micro
C. millie
D. hecto
E. deca
F. deci
B,C,F,E,D,A or micro, millie, deci, deca, hecto, mega
List the following in decreasing order
A. nano
B. centi
C. giga
D. kilo
E. hecto
F. micro
C,D,E,B,F,A or giga, kilo, hecto, centi, micro, nano
how many milliliters are in 8 liters
a. 1/8
b. 8
c. 80
d. 800
e. 8,000
E. 8,000
1 liter =1,000 milliliters
8x1,000= 8,000
how many centimeters are in 3 meters
a. 1/300
b. 1/3
c. 3
d. 300
e. 3,000
D. 300
there are 100 cm in 1 m
3x100=300 cm
how many kilometers are in 3,000?
1/300
1/3
3
300
3,000
3
what is the reciprocal of 100?
0.1
100
0.2
0.01
1/50
1/100 or 0.01
what is the reciprocal of 1/8?
80
10
1
8
71
8
how many hertz is 3 MHz
3,000,000
3,000
333
0.003
3,000,000
how many mL are contained in a jar filled with 5 liters of fluid?
5
5,000
500
0.005
5,000
how much bigger is a thousand than ten
a thousand is 100 times greater than ten
how much bigger is a billion than a million
a billion is a 1,000 times greater than a million
how much smaller is a hundred than a thousand?
a hundred is one-tenth of a thousand
