Chapter 2- Sociological Research Flashcards
What are the five steps in doing sociological research?
- Find the problem
- Research available information
- Formulate a hypothesis
- Collect Data and determine data method
- Reflect and develop a conclusion
Define Operational Definition
A definition a sociologist uses to narrow a abstract concept of research
Define a Hypothesis
A speculative statement on the relationship between two variables
What is a snowball / convenience sample?
A sample collected by word of mouth / volunteers
Define Reliability
The degree to which a subject produces consistent results
What is something that must be considered when writing a survey?
Open ended questions and wording can limit/effect outcomes
Define Ethnography
The study of a social setting through active fieldwork
Define the Hawthorne effect
The unintended effects researcher can have over their subjects
Define Secondary Analysis
Using previously collected data to form new research
What are the 6 basic principles to the ASA code of ethics
- Maintain Objectivity
- Respect people’s rights
- Protect subject from harm
- Informed consent when data collecting
- Acknowledge collaborators
- Disclose Financial Support
What term is used to describe a systematic, organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem?
Scientific method
Sociologists conduct reviews of literature to do what?
Refine the problem under study
An operational definition is;
An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.
What is the second step of the scientific method?
Reviewing the literature
The use of photographic and video documentation in sociological study is known as
Visual sociology
A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is known as;
Hypothesis
Income, religion, race, gender, and marital status can all be examples of
Varibles
Researchers find that pet owners live longer, healthier lives. Within this study, pet ownership is the
Independent Variable
The race of a criminal offender is found to determine the frequency with which capital punishment is administered. In this example, the frequency with which capital punishment is administered would be considered the;
Dependent Variable
Which of the following relationships best shows causal logic?
-Being more involved in extracurricular activities may be directly related to, or produce a lower likelihood of, college admission.
-Being less integrated into society may be directly related to, or produce a lower likelihood of, suicide.
-The time spent tending to one’s vegetable garden may be directly related to, or produce a greater likelihood of, overgrowth.
-The time spent reviewing for a test may be directly related to, or produce a greater likelihood of, getting a high score.
The time spent reviewing for a test may be directly related to, or produce a greater likelihood of, getting a high score.
A sociologist sets up an experiment on the effects of television violence on children. The set of children that are shown the violent cartoons are considered to be the;
Experimental Group
The relationship between a condition or a variable and a particular consequence, with one event leading to the other, is known as
Casual Logic
The relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other is known as a(n);
Correlation
A study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that provides sociologists with information concerning how people think or act is known as
Survey
