Chapter 1 - Sociological Perspectives

Question 1

What are the 3 perspectives of Sociology?

Answer 1

Structural Functionism, Conflict Theory, Symbolic Interactionism

Question 2

Define Structural Functionism

Answer 2

Structural Functionism is the idea “A society is akin to an organism, inter-related systems functioning for the whole to work.”

Question 3

Define Institution

Answer 3

A patterned way of getting things done in a society.

Question 4

The draw back of Structural Functionism is;

Answer 4

It tends to be more conservative and resistant to change. Wants to keep things how they are done.

Question 5

Define Conflict Theory;

Answer 5

“Society is groups of people competing for scare resources”

Question 6

Define Class Consciousness;

Answer 6

The oppressed class becoming aware of the exploit of their work and the power they have in numbers.

Question 7

Marx Believed that there were two paths to stop labor exploiting;

Answer 7

1. Unions
2. Bloody Revolution

Question 8

How did Marx belief a communist society could be reached?

Answer 8

That the proletariats would revolt against the bourgeoisie, install a new reigning class that would once again be overthrown, and to keep repeating that cycle.

Question 9

Conflict theory focuses on what aspects?

Answer 9

Inequality and access to power.

Question 10

Define “False Consciousness”

Answer 10

The idea that an exploited worker can work hard enough to become the 1%

Question 11

Define Symbolic Interactionism;

Answer 11

A phycological micro-focused study of the interactions/language of small groups

Question 12

Define Conspicuous Consumption

Answer 12

Buying fancy goods to flex status

Question 13

Trying to understand why your roommate prefers a certain genre of music, over others, is an example of using one’s _?

Answer 13

Social Imagination

Question 14

C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce _?

Answer 14

is not just an individual’s personal problem but a societal concern.

Question 15

Sociology, anthropology, economics, and history are fields within the _?

Answer 15

Social Sciences.

Question 16

The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist _?

Answer 16

Auguste Comte

Question 17

Anomie refers to a _?

Answer 17

a condition of instability resulting from a breakdown of standards and values or from a lack of purpose or ideals. Émile Durkheim.

Question 18

Marx viewed the relationship between the capitalists and the exploited workers in systemic terms; that is, he believed that a system of ________ relationships maintained the power and dominance of the owners over the workers.

Answer 18

Economic, social and political

Question 19

Which of the following sociologists advocated basic research on the lives of Blacks?

Answer 19

W.E.B DuBois

Question 20

W. E. B. DuBois developed the concept of _?

Answer 20

Double consciousness

Question 21

Which sociologist is especially known for making an important contribution to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research?

Answer 21

Robert Merton

Question 22

Which sociologist saw society as a vast network of connected parts, each of which helps to maintain the system as a whole?

Answer 22

Talcott Parsons.

Question 23

A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the U.S., and France, is an example of _?

Answer 23

Macrosociology.

Question 24

The study and comparison of the cultural norms of two nations is a component of _?

Answer 24

Global Sociology

Question 25

Émile Durkehim’s cross-cultural study of suicide falls under the category of _?

Answer 25

Macrosociology

Question 26

Which sociological perspective would be most likely to argue that the existence of big-city political machines suggests that these political organizations satisfy certain basic social needs?

Answer 26

A functionalist perspective.

Question 27

Children who experience divorce in their family are more likely to experience divorce themselves when they are adults. This could be considered an example of a _?

Answer 27

Dysfunction of families.

Question 28

Which sociological approach focuses on the macro level and would tend to view inequality in gender as central to behavior and organization?

Answer 28

Interactionist perspective (Possibly feminist)

Question 29

Which sociological perspective holds the view that people create their social worlds through interaction and manipulation of symbols?

Answer 29

Symbolic interactionism

Question 30

In examining any aspect of society, which sociological perspective emphasizes the contribution that aspect makes to overall social stability?

Answer 30

The functionalist perspective