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IGCSE Sociology > Chapter 2-Socialization > Flashcards

Chapter 2-Socialization Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define:

Adulthood

A

Grown Up

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2
Q

Define:

Age/Age groups

A

A number of people or things classes together as being of similar age.

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3
Q

Define:

Agencies of socialization

A

The different factors that attribute to how we form our identity or our socialization. i.e. Mass Media, Peer Groups

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4
Q

Define:

Belief

A

What one believes to be true.

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5
Q

Define:

Child Centered

A

To refer to ways of teaching and treating children in which the child’s needs and wishes are the most important thing.

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6
Q

Define:

Childhood

A

The state of being a child

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7
Q

Define:

Coercion

A

The practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner using threats or other force.

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8
Q

Define:

Conformity

A

Complying with standards, rules or laws.

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9
Q

Define:

Cultural Relativism

A

The principle of regarding the beliefs, values and practices of a culture from the viewpoint of that culture itself.

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10
Q

Define:

Culture

A

The sum of attitudes, customs and beliefs that distinguishes one group from another.

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11
Q

Define:

Customs

A

A habitual practice.

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12
Q

Define:

Diversity

A

The inclusion of individuals representing more than one race, sex, religion, etc.

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13
Q

Define:

Ethnic Minority

A

A group that has different national or cultural traditions from the main population.

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14
Q

Define:

Adolescence

A

The period following the onset of puberty during which a child transitions into an adult.

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15
Q

Define:

Ethnicity/race

A

The state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition.

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16
Q

Define:

Masculinity/Femninity

A

Sexual identity, especially in relation to society or culture.

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17
Q

Define:

Feral Children

A

Human child who has lived isolated from human contact from a very young age, little or no experience of human behavior, care or language.

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18
Q

Define:

Gender/Sex

A

Whether a person is considered make or female-biological differences between men and women in relation to their bodies.

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19
Q

Define:

Globalization

A

The social, technological, political and economic interdependence and interaction between people, firms and entire economies around the world.

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20
Q

Define:

Hidden Curriculum

A

The ways in which the organization of teaching, school regulations and routines shapes pupils attitude and behavior.

21
Q

Define:

Imitation

A

A thing intended to simulate or copy something else.

22
Q

Define:

Law

A

The system of rules that a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and maybe fire by the imposition of penalties.

23
Q

Define:

Lifestyle

A

They way in which someone or a group lives.

24
Q

Define:

Manipulation/Canalisation

A

Parental attempts to make sure children play with gender appropriate items.

25
Q

Define:

Multicultural Society

A

The different ideologies, values and morals ranging from each individual in a society.

26
Q

Define:

Nature vs Nuture

A

Age old debate that explains human behavior.

27
Q

Define:

Norms/Values

A

Something that is usual, typic or standard/A persons principles or standards of behavior.

28
Q

Define:

Ostracism

A

Exclusion, by general consent, from a society or group.

29
Q

Define:

Peer Group

A

A group of people of approximately the same age, status and interests.

30
Q

Define:

Peer Pressure

A

Influence from members of ones peer group.

31
Q

Define:

Primary Socialization

A

Is the process by which we learn who we are and what our role in society is from people who raise us.

32
Q

Define:

Rewards/Sanctions

A

Something given in recognition of ones service, effort or achievement/A threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule

33
Q

Define:

Role

A

The function assumed or part played by a person or thing in a particular situation.

34
Q

Define:

Role Conflict

A

A situation in which a person is expected to play two incompatible roles.

35
Q

Define:

Role Modelling

A

A person whose behavior, example, or success is or can be emulated by others, especially younger ones.

36
Q

Define:

Secondary Socialization

A

The process of learning what is appropriate behavior as a member of a smaller group within the larger society.

37
Q

Define:

Social Class

A

A division of a society based on social and economic status.

38
Q

Define:

Social Conformity

A

Agreement between an individual’s behavior and a groups standards or expectations.

39
Q

Define:

Social Construction

A

How society groups people and how it privileges certain groups over others.

40
Q

Define:

Social Control/formal and informal

A

The regulation of individual and group behavior in order to gain conformity.

  • informal: this is based on approval and disapproval from those around us.
  • formal: controlled by organization that enforce order and control.
41
Q

Define:

Social Identity

A

A persons sense of who they are based on their group memberships.

42
Q

Define:

Social Institutions

A

A complex, integrates set of social norms organized around the preservation of a basic societal value.

43
Q

Define:

Social Interaction

A

The way people talk and act with each other and various structures in society.

44
Q

Define:

Social Order

A

The totality kg stuttered human interrelationships in a society or a part of it.

45
Q

Define:

Status

A

The relative social, professional or other standing of someone or something.

46
Q

Define:

Stereotype

A

A commonly held view about a particular group of people i.e. Race, Colour, Religion, etc

47
Q

Define:

Sub-culture

A

Groups that have values and norms that are distinct from those held by the majority.

48
Q

Define:

Value Consensus

A

A key concept in Functionalist views, where most of the people in a society share the same core values.

49
Q

Define:

Youth Sub-culture

A

A minority youth culture whose distinctiveness depended largely on the social class and ethnic background of members.

IGCSE Sociology (3 decks)

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