Chapter 2: Senses and Perception Flashcards
The light shines through the pupil and hits a membrane that lines the back called the…
Retina
______________ consists of rods and cones. Rods are ____, and cones are for seeing ______. Cones have _ types: ___, _____, ____
Photoreceptors, light, seeing colour, 3, red, green, blue
What sends information to the optic nerve?
Ganglion cells
What processes and relays information from the photoreceptors to the ganglion cells
Interneurons
Half of the fibres from the optic nerve cross over at the optic chiasm. The purpose of this is to…
integrate the visual fields.
The fovea is located in the __________of the retina and contains red and green cones. The macular is found around the fovea and is used in _______ and driving.
centre-back, reading
Why is visual acuity(how clear stuff is) highest in the fovea and macular?
More photoceptors
Ganglion cells only connect to one receptor
Visual information from the retina is relayed to a part in the ________ called the lateral geniculate nucleus then to the _______ ______ ______, which is located in the _________ lobe.
thalamus, primary visual cortex, occipital
__________ is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. The patient is unable to perceive _____.
Strabismus, depth
Outline the process of sound waves converting into electrical signals.
- Air pressure reaches the pinnae
- Air pressure inside the ear canal reaches the tympanic membrane / tympanic cavity
- Malleus, Incus, Stapes - Hammer/Anvil/Stirrups amplify the sound
- Hits against the cochlea (cochlear fluid)
- Hair cells move with the changes in fluid pressure
- Hair cells move to open ion channels to kickstart an electrochemical reaction
- Travels into the brain as an electrical impulse
Outline the process of sound waves converting into electrical signals.
- Air pressure reaches the pinnae
- Air pressure inside the ear canal reaches the tympanic membrane / tympanic cavity
- Malleus, Incus, Stapes - Hammer/Anvil/Stirrups amplify the sound
- Hits against the cochlea (cochlear fluid)
- Hair cells move with the changes in fluid pressure
- Hair cells move to open ion channels to kickstart an electrochemical reaction
- Travels into the brain as an electrical impulse
Which lobe is the auditory cortex located in?
Temporal lobe
The left auditory cortex that contains the _________ ____ is used in ______/_____________ speech.
Wernickes area, fluent/understanding
How have taste receptors and olfactory receptor neurons adapted to being frequently exposed to the outside environment?
They regenerate regularly
What do taste receptor cells send signals to? What are they?
Sends signals to the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus, which are different cranial nerves.
