Chapter 2 Section 4 [The New Nation (1789-1824) Flashcards
Federalist era
The period following ratification of the Constitution, in which the Federalist majority, which included many members of Congress who had served as delegates to the Constitutional Convention two years before immediately set about to draft legislation that would fill in the gaps left by the Convention and to erect the structure of a strong central government.
April 30, 1789
George Washington’s inauguration date for his first term as president.
Judiciary Act of 1789
A law that provided for a Supreme Court, with six justices, and invested it with the power to rule on the constitutional validity of state laws; a system of district courts were also established to serve as courts of original jurisdiction and three courts of appeal were also provided for.
executive departments
specified not in the Constitution but by Congress, the first executive departments were the state, treasury, and war, in addition to the offices of attorney general and post-master general.
1789-1797
Washington’s Administration
Report on the Public Credit
First Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton’s proposal of the funding of the national debt at face value, federal assumption of state debts, and the establishment of a national bank.
Report on Manufactures
First Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton’s proposal of an extensive program for federal stimulation of industrial development, through subsidies and tax incentives, with the money needed to fund these programs coming from an excise tax on distillers and from tariffs on imports.
Federalists
Those favoring the Constitution in the struggle over its ratification; after the formation of the U.S. government, members of one of two new political parties, led by Alexander Hamilton who favored a strong central government and interpreted the Constitution as having vested extensive powers in the federal government.
Republicans
Members of one of the two political parties that emerged after the formation of the U.S. government who were led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and held the view (called the strict interpretation) that any action not specifically permitted in the Constitution was thereby prohibited.
Jay’s Treaty with Britain
The 1794 treaty negotiated by John Jay with the British that attempted to curtail Britain’s seizure of American merchant ships and forcing their crew into service with the British navy, as well as to curtail English agitation of their Indian allies on the western borders.
Pinckney Treaty
The treaty, ratified by the Senate in 1796, in which the Spanish opened the Mississippi River to American traffic, including the right of deposit in the port city of New Orleans, and recognized the 31st parallel as the northern boundary of Florida.
Treaty of Greenville
An agreement that cleared the Ohio territory of Indian tribes after General Anthony Wayne decisively defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794.
