Chapter 2: Sampling Methods Flashcards
What is the sampling frame
It is the complete list of potential items from which we draw items to be included in the sample
 What is a census
A census is if the entire population is being analysed and not just a sample
What are the two sampling methods
Probability procedures and non-probability procedures
or
Simple random sampling and stratified Random sampling
What does probability sampling involve
It involves drawing a sample from a population based on the principle of randomisation it is more complex and more time-consuming than nonprobability sampling
What involves non-probability sampling
Since elements are chosen using subjective methods there is no way to estimate the probability of any one element being included in the sample
What is the difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling
Probability sampling is taken when each of the population has a known probability of being included while non-probability sampling is taken by making use of subject of criteria so the chances of everyone being included is not known
What is the difference between simple random sampling and stratified random sampling
A simple random sample is obtained if each element in the population not already in the sample has an equal chance of being taken up into the sample on the next draw
- however with stratified random sampling is when a population exhibits a large amount of heterogeneity/diverse or subcategory for example; if we are measuring trees then we take into account the different types of trees
What is a sample error?
It is a reflection of the inability of the sample to provide accurate information about the population
What are examples of non probability sampling
Convenience sampling, judgement sampling, quota sampling
Sampling bias
Occurs when certain sections of the population are represented to a lesser degree are not represented at all
What is a population
A population is the complete group of elements from which one would like to gain information
What is a sample
A sample is a subset of the population
What are examples of probability sampling
Simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, clustered sampling
What is a sampling observation error
Sampling observation errors are those errors incurred during the collection of data and are primarily attributed to human errors made during data collection and are unrelated to the sampling methods employed
