Chapter 2 Rocks and Landforms in Your Region

Question 1

What two things do geologic maps tell us?

Answer 1

Geologic maps tell us 1) What type of rocks are found in an area, and 2) How old those rocks are.

Question 2

What do contour lines connect?

Answer 2

Contour lines connect land at the same elevation above sea level.

Question 3

How can you tell whether a slope is steep or gentle?

Answer 3

If the lines are close together the slope is steep and if the lines are far apart the slope is gentle.

Question 4

What do the colors on the topography map represent?

Answer 4

Blue represents water, black represents man-made objects (transportation, buildings, etc.), and green represents vegetation.

Question 5

How can you determine the real-life distance between two locations on a map?

Answer 5

You determine the real-life distance between two locations on a map by using the scale as it provides real-life distances.

Question 6

What do the title coordinates on the map indicate?

Answer 6

The title coordinates on the map indicate the map’s location.

Question 7

What does topography show? (2 things)

Answer 7

Topography shows 1) the SHAPE of the land, and 2) Landforms in an area (such as plateaus, valleys, hills, volcanoes, cliffs, craters, mountains, and canyons).

Question 8

Contour lines are always what?

Answer 8

Contour lines are always smooth, never touch, and are always closed.

Question 9

The closer the contour lines are the what?

Answer 9

The closer the contour lines are the steeper the slope is.

Question 10

What do contour lines provide?

Answer 10

Contour lines provide the change in height between 2 contour lines.

Question 11

Contour lines show and do what when they cross rivers?

Answer 11

Contour lines bend as they cross rivers and the “v” points upstream.

Question 12

Hatch marks on a contour line indicate what?

Answer 12

Hatch marks on a contour line indicate a depression.

Question 13

Who uses topography maps?

Answer 13

1) Landscaper, 2) geologist, 3) contractor, 4) engineer, 5) hikers and scouts.

Question 14

How do you find the location on a topography map?

Answer 14

Look at the 1) Title, and 2) Coordinates.

Question 15

Topography is the shape of what?

Answer 15

Topography is the shape of the physical features of the land surface.

Question 16

The curves on a topographic map represent what?

Answer 16

The curves on a topographic map represent 1) land at the same elevation, (The rest don’t matter too much) and 2) the height above sea level.

Question 17

What rock types are common in your area (NJ)?

Answer 17

Sedimentary rocks.

Question 18

Why are maps and data tables considered scientific tools?

Answer 18

Maps and data tables considered scientific tools because geologists can use them to study rocks or they can find different landforms/types.

Question 19

What is a geologist?

Answer 19

A geologist is a person who is trained in and works in any of the geological sciences.

Question 20

Define topography.

Answer 20

Topography is the configuration of a land surface, including its relief and the position of its natural and human-made features.

Question 21

What does landform mean?

Answer 21

A landform is a part or area of the Earth’s surface that has a distinctive shape or topography. Examples are major features like plains, plateaus, and mountain ranges, and also smaller features like hills, valleys, slopes, canyons, flatlands, wetlands, deltas, shorelines, and so on.

Question 22

Define contour line.

Answer 22

A contour line is a line (actually, a curve) on a topographic map that connects the positions of all points at the same elevation.

Question 23

What is elevation?

Answer 23

Elevation is the vertical distance (height) from mean sea level to a point on the Earth’s surface.

Question 24

What is a geologic map?

Answer 24

A geologic map is a map that shows the distribution, nature, and age relationships of rock units and structural features in the rocks.

Question 25

What does sediment mean?

Answer 25

Sediment is particles of solid material that have been moved from their place of origin by wind, running water, or glacier ice and deposited on a surface.

Question 26

Define contour interval.

Answer 26

A contour interval is the vertical distance between adjacent contour lines on a topographic map.

Question 27

What is the geosphere?

Answer 27

The geosphere is the part of the Earth system that includes the crust, mantle, and inner and outer core.

Question 28

What is latitude?

Answer 28

Latitude is the north-south position of a point on the Earth’s surface, relative to the Equator. The latitude is measured in degrees, from 0 degrees at the Equator to 90 degrees at the North Pole or South Pole.

Question 29

Define longitude.

Answer 29

Longitude is the east-west position of a point on the Earth’s surface, relative to an arbitrary line on the Earth’s surface that stretches from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through Greenwich, England. The longitude is measured in degrees (0 degrees to 180 degrees) east or west from the arbitrary line.

Question 30

What is a mountain?

Answer 30

A mountain is any part of the Earth’s crust higher than a hill, elevated at least 300 meters (1,000 feet) above the surrounding land.

Question 31

How high does a mountain have to be in order to be considered a mountain?

Answer 31

At least 300 meters (or 1,000 feet).

Question 32

Do topographic maps only show natural features of an area.?

Answer 32

No, that is false because they show man-made objects too.

Question 33

Extra Credit: True or False? Index contours are contour lines that are printed darker in order to make map reading easier.

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

The distance between two contour lines on a map is called what?

Answer 34

The distance between two contour lines on a map is called the map scale.

Question 35

What do the “v’s” indicate about soil on some maps?

Answer 35

The “v’s” indicate that the river has eroded some soil away.

Question 36

Each topographic map shows latitude and longitude across where?

Answer 36

Each topographic map shows latitude and longitude across the region with marks along the edges.

Question 37

The what on the map shows the map scale, meaning of the symbols, and the date the map was made?

Answer 37

The key/legend on the map shows the map scale, meaning of the symbols, and the date the map was made.

Question 38

What do geologic maps show?

Answer 38

A geologic map shows the distribution, nature,and age relationship of rock units as well as features in the rocks.

Question 39

What is shown is a map’s key/legend?

Answer 39

A map’s key/legend shows the map scale, meaning of symbols, the date the map was made, how old rocks are, etc.

Question 40

What human features are shown on a topographic map?

Answer 40

1) Roads, 2) Buildings, 3) Transportation, etc.