Chapter 2 : Rocks

Question 0

Permeable

Answer 0

Allows water to pass through

Question 1

Natural resource

Answer 1

A resource found under water or in the earth. They are extracted using drilling.

Question 2

Igneous rock

Answer 2

Igneous rocks are formed when molten magma cools down and solidifies, either on the surface or within the crust.

Eg. Granite and Basalt

Question 3

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 3

Sedimentary rocks are formed from remains (sediments) of other rocks, plants and animals. These sediments were deposited on river beds and lakes as well as on land. They were then cemented and compressed together.

Eg. Limestone and Sandstone

Question 4

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 4

Metamorphic rocks are formed when other rocks have been subjected to great heat or pressure and then changed in shape or form. These rocks have previously been igneous or sedimentary rocks.

Eg. Marble and Quartzite

Question 5

Earths natural resources

Answer 5

• metal ores: copper,iron,lead,zinc
• precious metals and stones: gold,silver,diamonds
• building materials: stone,sand,gravel
• energy source: uranium,oil,natural gas,coal

Question 6

Drilling

Answer 6

Used to extract oil or gas from an underground reservoir, most drilling takes place on land, but some takes place offshore. A pipeline on the seabed then takes the resource to shore.

Question 7

Opencast mining

Answer 7

Opencast mining is used where the resource is on or close to the surface. It is a cheap way of mining, but not very environmentally friendly.

Question 8

Shaft mining

Answer 8

Shaft mining is used where the resource lies in seams deep beneath the surface.