Chapter 2 - Reviewing the literature

Question 1

• it helps in placing the work being reviewed in its context
• it describes the relationship of each work to the research being undertaken
• it identifies new ways to interpret and shed light to various gaps based from previous studies
• it identifies the areas that are subject to a prior study to prevent duplication of efforts
• it points to another research undertaking

Answer 1

Reviewing the Literature purposes

Question 2

refer to print, electronic or visual materials necessary for research

Answer 2

Sources

Question 3

are accounts of events which were created well after the event occurred

usually based on primary sources, criticize primary sources

Answer 3

Secondary Sources

Question 4

• are original records which were created at the time an historical event occurred
• original material from the filed the researcher is studying

Answer 4

Primary sources

Question 5

examples of Primary Sources

Answer 5

• personal papers
• letters
• diaries and journals
• photographs and paintings, sketches and original maps
• advertisements, posters, and banners
• memoirs
• genealogy records
• news footage
• news paper articles written at the same time of the event
• speeches which are contemporaneous with the event
• oral histories
• minutes of meeting related to the event
• vital records
• material artifacts
• creative works

Question 6

acknowledging within the researcher’s text the document from which he has obtained information

Answer 6

Citing

Question 7

the list of publication the researcher has consulted

Answer 7

Bibliography

Question 8

the detailed description of the document from which he has obtained the information

Answer 8

Reference

Question 9

3 elements of Citation

Answer 9

author
publication year
page or paragraph number

Question 10

examples of Citation Generators

Answer 10

citationmachine. net
writinghouse. org
citethisforme. com
refme. com/citation-generator/apa

Question 11

a citation generator most frequently used within the social sciences, in order to cite various sources

Answer 11

American Psychological Association ( APA )

Question 12

example of citing One Author

Answer 12

Serrano (2016) compared reaction times

Serrano (2016) compared reaction times. Serrano also found that…

Question 13

example of citing Two Authors

Answer 13

…as Serrano and Imperial (2016) demonstrated…

as had been shown (Serrano and Imperial, 2016)

Question 14

example of citing 3-5 Authors

Answer 14

Serrano, Imperial, Ong, Camilar, and Ortiz (2016) found…

Serrano et al. ( 2016 ) also noticed that…

Question 15

example of citing Corporate Authors

Answer 15

First Citation : ( World Health Organization [WHO], 2016 )

Second Citation: ( WHO, 2016 )

Question 16

steps in writing coherent literature review

Answer 16

1. Include a clear, short introduction which gives an outline of the review.
2. There is always a clear link between the researcher’s own arguments and the evidence uncovered in his reading.
3. He must always acknowledge opinions which do not agree with his study.
4. The review must be written in a formal academic style.
5. Don’t use ‘‘says’’ instead use ‘‘argues’’, ‘‘claims’’, or ‘‘states’’
6. Avoid plagiarism sources

Question 17

Ethical Standards in Writing a Literature

Answer 17

1. Even it is a protocol of the study always provide enough time for writing.
   2 Make sure to gather hard copies of all the relevant references.
2. Carefully read all the references and underline vital areas.
3. While using the ideas of others place adequate credit.
4. Lines of details base on fact are to be referenced.
5. Reconfirm and decide about suitability of inserting references.
6. Take written permission for figures copied from other sources.
7. The researcher must put in writing all the text by himself in his own words.
8. While writing never use copy and paste
9. Make certain that the researcher has organized all the files, figures and references according to the journal’s instructions prior to submitting a research.

Question 18

Ways to organize a literature

Answer 18

chronological events
by publication
thematic or conceptual categories
methodological

Question 19

the researcher could write a review about the materials based on the date when they were published

Answer 19

Chronological Events

Question 20

the researcher could order sources by publication chronology, if the order demonstrates a more important form

Answer 20

By Publication

Question 21

structures about a topic or issue, instead of the progression of time

Answer 21

Thematic or Conceptual Categories

Question 22

centers on the methods utilized by the researcher

Answer 22

Methodological