chapter 2 review

Question 1

synarthroses

Answer 1

no movement, holds bones together ex skull

Question 2

amphiarthrosis

Answer 2

limited movement ex vertebrae

Question 3

diarthroses

Answer 3

extended movement ex shoulder and knee

Question 4

axial

Answer 4

pelvic girdle, sternum body

Question 5

appendicular

Answer 5

limbs or connecting to limbs, includes coxal scapula and clavicle

Question 6

epiphysis

Answer 6

red bone marrow at end of bones that produces red and white blood cells

Question 7

diaphysis

Answer 7

shaft of long bone

Question 8

epiphyseal plate

Answer 8

growth plate between epiphysis and diaphysis made of cartilage constantly replaced by bony tissue

Question 9

medullary cavity

Answer 9

contains fatty bone marrow

Question 10

cortical bone

Answer 10

solid strong bone

Question 11

periosteum

Answer 11

membrane on outside of bone

Question 12

cancellous

Answer 12

more porous and less dense that compact bone, sponge bone

Question 13

hematopoiesis

Answer 13

production of new blood cells

Question 14

colles fracture

Answer 14

distal radius fracture from fall on outstretched arm

Question 15

comminuted fracture

Answer 15

splintered bone

Question 16

compound fracture

Answer 16

open wound leading to site of fracture, often protrudes skin

Question 17

greenstick fracture

Answer 17

incomplete fracture, bone is partially broken and bent

Question 18

longitudinal fracture

Answer 18

fracture that runs parallel to long axis of bone

Question 19

oblique fracture

Answer 19

fracture that runs across bone at an angle

Question 20

pathological fracture

Answer 20

fracture resulting from weakened bone due to osteoporosis or cancer

Question 21

simple fracture

Answer 21

doesn’t penetrate the skin (closed)

Question 22

spiral fracture

Answer 22

bone has been twisted apart

Question 23

stress fracture

Answer 23

small crack in bone resulting from chronic, excessive impact; overuse injury

Question 24

transverse fracture

Answer 24

fracture that is 90* to long axis, straight across

Question 25

scoliosis

Answer 25

lateral curve

Question 26

lordosis

Answer 26

swayback

Question 27

kyphosis

Answer 27

humpback

Question 28

osteoarthritis

Answer 28

affects cartilage between joints (DJD)

Question 29

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 29

chronic pain in joints and stiffness

Question 30

gouty arthritis

Answer 30

pain and swelling in joints (from too much uric acid, in protein)

Question 31

osteomalacia

Answer 31

bone softening

Question 32

osteomyelitis

Answer 32

inflammation in bone and bone marrow

Question 33

osteoporosis

Answer 33

abnormal condition of small holes in bone

Question 34

osteopenia

Answer 34

bone deficiency or less than average bone density

Question 35

osteosarcoma

Answer 35

malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue and affects the bone

Question 36

paget’s disease

Answer 36

excessive breakdown of bone and enlarged bone formation

Question 37

spina bifida

Answer 37

split spine, congenital, membrane covering spinal chord protrudes through gap in spine

Question 38

subluxation

Answer 38

partial dislocation of bone from its joint

Question 39

traction

Answer 39

application of pulling force to align dislocated body part