chapter 2 quiz

Question 1

subatomic particles

Answer 1

protons neutrons electrons

Question 2

atom

Answer 2

smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

Question 3

atomic number

Answer 3

the amount of protons in the nucleus

Question 4

polar covalent bonds

Answer 4

when electrons are not shared equally

Question 5

electron shell

Answer 5

electrons state of potential energy

Question 6

nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 6

when electrons are shared equally between atoms

Question 7

elements that make up less than .01% of body weight

Answer 7

boron, chromium, cobalt, copper

Question 8

4% of elements essential to life

Answer 8

calcium, potassium, sulfur, phosphorus

Question 9

molecule

Answer 9

consists of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 10

electronegativity

Answer 10

an aroma attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond

Question 11

mass number

Answer 11

number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Question 12

covalent bond

Answer 12

when atoms share a pair of valence electrons

Question 13

chemical reactions

Answer 13

the making and breaking of chemical bonds

Question 14

products

Answer 14

the result of a chemical reaction

Question 15

orbital

Answer 15

3-D space where an electron is found 90% of the time

Question 16

valence electrons

Answer 16

electrons in the outer most shell

Question 17

potential energy

Answer 17

the energy that matter has because of its position or structure

Question 18

hydrogen bond

Answer 18

when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom

Question 19

ionic bond

Answer 19

an attraction between cation and anion

Question 20

anion

Answer 20

negatively charged ion

Question 21

cation

Answer 21

a positively charged ion

Question 22

ion

Answer 22

a charged atom

Question 23

reactants

Answer 23

the starting molecules of a chemical reaction

Question 24

properties

Answer 24

any characteristic that can be used to describe of identify something

Question 25

matter is

Answer 25

anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 26

organisms are composed

Answer 26

of matter

Question 27

four main elements of life

Answer 27

hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbon

Question 28

isotopes

Answer 28

two atoms of an element that differ in number of neurons

Question 29

chemical equilibrium

Answer 29

reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal

Question 30

energy

Answer 30

the capacity to cause change

Question 31

element

Answer 31

a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reaction

Question 32

chemical properties

Answer 32

observed when changes occur in the identity of the matter in a substance

Question 33

atomic nucleus

Answer 33

neutrons and protons form atomic nucleus