Chapter 2 pt. 1 Flashcards
Probation= “______ ___ ______”
period of proving
What is the “period of proving”?
to the government/parole officer than you (ex. inmate) can stay out of trouble
What is Judicial Reprieve?
appeal to the crown
Early probation can be dated back to ____-______.
1830
Boston
What happened during the Parte United States (1916)?
Did not have the discretionary authority to suspend a sentence
Early probation applied only to _______ courts
federal
In the past probation/parole officers could be ___________
volunteers
The way we do probation/parole ______ changed, but the _______ who administer it have
hasn’t
people
Who was the first person to offer bail/ halway half systems?
John Augustus
What was John Augustus’ process of offering early probation?
Would offer bail to people who wouuld work in his showmaker and provided living arrangement.
Why might influences by important?
Neighbors might welcome or shun someone coming back from
If put into same environment, more likely to recidivate
_______ _____- supervised by the superintendent of police
Boston 1878
What are the Rhode Island restrictions?
treason murder robbery arson rape burglary
What type of school is in violation?
Positivism- judge the offender, not just the offense
What did the Juvenile Court Act of 1899 do?
the first probation hiring
True or False: Prior to 1929, police would turn into out of uniform probation officer
True
In 1875, probation officers were paid how much per case?
$3.00
In ____, probation was available in every state.
1925
Prior to 1929, probation was a ____-____ positition, with no ______, and reported at ____ or by ____
part-time
office
home
mail
True or False: It is cheaper to incarcerate someone than to put them on probation
False; It is cheaper to put someone on probation rather than incarceration
The ________ _________ ________ (1929) enacted where the first paid U.S. probationofficer was appointed under the Department of Justice
Federal Probation System
There are more than ________ agencies supervising over __ _______ adults
2,000
3 million
_____ probation is located in the executive branch of government in about ___% of the states
Adult
75%
Adult probation is located in the ________ branch of government in about 75% of the states
executive
Parole and Probation were combined as a result of the ________ vs. ________
Georgia vs. Nevada
Under the Georgia vs Nevada “Department of Correction”, about ___% of states combine
60%
The administration of probation systems is separated itno 6 categories.
1) Juvenile
2) Municipal
3) County
4) State
5) State Combined
6) Federal
Which category of probation is this: county, municipal, state level
Juvenile
Which category of probation is this: administrated by the lower courts or the municipality under state laws and guidelines
Municipal
Which category of probation is this: operates its own probation agency under the laws and guidelines of the state
County
Which category of probation is this: one agency administers a central probation system throughout the state
State
Which category of probation is this: one agency handles probation and parole on a statewide basis
State Combined
Which category of probation is this: administrated nationally as an arm of the courts
Federal
Which type of category of probatin is Nevada?
Combined State
Most states have more money than the county, but _______ is the exception to this rule
Nevada
What are 2 basic issues of probation/parole?
1) Judicial vs Executive
2) State vs Municipal/Country
