Chapter 1 pt. 1 Flashcards
How does the criminal justice system have conflicting goals and competing expectation?
- Protect society while ensuring rights
- Deter offenders without spending a lot of money
True or False: Most offenders will be imprisoned for their crimes
False; Most offenders are not imprisoned
What percentage will be released?
90%
The cost of imprisonment and pressure of overcrowding may lead to:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) front-door programs
(2) back-door programs
(3) additional programs
What is the difference between front-door and back-door programs?
front-door programs- prior to incarceration
back-door programs- after incarceration
What are some examples of front-door programs?
Community service
DUI school
Domestic Violence counseling
Probation
What are some examples of back-door programs?
Parole
What is truth-in-sentencing?
circates where we don’t need parole or parole officers; you can go a percentage of your sentencing
True or False: Nevada has the three strikes you’re out law
True
What does Nevada call it’s “three strikes you’re out” rule?
Habitual Criminal
What is the result of some states abolishing parole boards?
- Correctional Custody in the Community
- Released without Supervision
_________ is one of the states that has abolished parole boards.
California
When parole is abolished, inmates tend to serve __ months less on their sentence.
7
More police = more _______ = more prisons/jails = more parole/probation officers
arrests
More police = more arrests = more prisons/jails = more ______/_________ _______
parole/probation officers
More _______ = more arrests = more prisons/jails = more parole/probation officers
police
More police = more arrests = more _______/_____ = more parole/probation officers
prisons/jails
The criminal justice system is a system that is not _________
systematic
Police receive about ___% of budget
Courts receive about ___% of budget
Corrections receivea about ___% of budget
42%
22%
29%
True or False: The police arrest more people than the rest of the system can handle
True
What is bargain justice?
a deal on both sides
Release without the use of Parole Boards analysis= ________ ______
revolving door
What is crime?
a violation of a criminal law
How much of crime is cleared by an arrest?
1/4 (25%)
Who is a criminal?
a person convicted of a crime
What are the characteristics of the average criminal?
Male
Younger than 20-30 yrs old
Poor
Minority
What are the 3 main classes of criminal thought?
1) Classicalism
2) Neoclassicalism
3) Positivism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
18th Century Enlightenment Period
Classicalism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Justice based on equality
Classicalism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Social contract= enjoy the same rights
Classicalism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
No additional factors that make someone a higher risk
Classicalism
Neoclassicalism maintains the belief in ____ ____
free will
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Also considers: past criminal record, insanity and retardation, and age
Neoclassicalism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Allowing psychiatrists, social workers into court
Neoclassicalism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Presence of mitigation factors
Neoclassicalism
Positivism is based on philosophy and law, whereas positive view is based on empiricism in an effort to _________ ____ ______ ___ ______
determine the cause of crime
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
scientific method
Positivism
Positivism views crime as a ________
symptom
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Biological, psychological and/or social issues
Positivism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Emphasis on the criminal not the crime
Positivism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Offender has little or no control
Positivism
Is this Classicalism, Neoclassicalism, or Positivism:
Punishment is innappropriate; they must be “treated, corrected, or rehabilitated”
Positivism
Positivism is the complete opposite of ____________
classicalism
What are the 8 tenets of classicalism?
1) Humans are rational
2) All persons are created equal
3) Equal stake in society and equal stake in prevention
4) Free Will
5) People seek pleasure avoid pain
6) Punishment is fair, equal to all
7) Punishment is proportionate to the offense
8) Punishment must be prompt and certain
