Chapter 2 Primary Sources Flashcards
What Must I do To Be Saved? (early 18th century)
-Cotton Mather
“The Greatest Concern in the World,” what people have to do to go to heaven. Cotton Mather plans to answer this question (with the use of the gospel). Sing unto The Lord and he will hear and save you. He repeats, “What must I do to be Saved?” many times. Nothing is of greater importance than obtaining salvation. People that are ignorant of God go to hell, and don’t receive salvation. You must read the word of God to obtain knowledge and understanding. If you lack wisdom, ask God, and he will give it to you. Speaks of needing salvation from the original sin we received from Adam and Eve. Satan distances you from God. Salvation depends on knowing of the Savior, Jesus. To be save you must be willing to be saved. Also, you must confess your sins. Discusses the Elect and being distressed about the coming of a savior. Must admire christ to receive salvation. “Lively pursue the death of every sin.” (belief systems) Terms: godly family, New England (vs Chesapeake), Witchcraft/Cotton Mather/spectral evidence
Mayflower Compact: 1620
Agreement Between the Settlers at New Plymouth: 1620. Combine themselves into a “civil Body Politick” with the goal of better ordering and preserving the Christian Faith and honor for their king and country (King James, Britain). The compact enacted just and equal laws that were convenient for the general good of the colony, and that they would obey. Has about 40 male signatures, half of which have the “mr.” prefix, the others do not. (political) Terms: Separatists; Pilgrims,
Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges (1701), William Penn
William Penn, proprietor and governor of Pennsylvania, given to him as a gift from King Charles II. Reinstall the Charter for the freemen, planters, and adventurers. Lists liberties, franchises, and privileges of the Pennsylvania province: religious toleration for monotheism, no forced worship, yearly elected Assembly with legislative and judicial powers, representatives were nominated by the freemen, if no one was nominated the current representative would stay in office, all criminals can use witnesses and council (like their prosecutors), no change can be made to this charter, and the Charter of Liberties can’t be effected by Penn or his heirs. Speaks of the social liberties in Pennsylvania and early government of the area. (political, belief systems, identity) Terms: Pennsylvania & Quakers
Bacon’s Declaration in the Name of the People (July, 1676)
Bacon’s Reasons for disliking Berkeley: Unjust taxation of commoners, monopolizing beaver trade, not defending colonists against indians, for raising and effecting civil war and destruction, stopping petty problems instead of big picture issues. About 20 mens signatures follow the declaration. (economy, social, political) Terms: Bacon’s Rebellion, Glorious Revolution, life in the Chesapeake, society structure in the Chesapeake
Maryland Toleration Act (Sept., 1649)
An Act Concerning Religion, enacted by Lord Baltimore with the consent of the General Assembly. Any blasphemous actions or beliefs will result in death, fines for disgracing religions, fines for swearing, drinking, or excessive work on sunday, no one who believes in christ should be persecuted; showed that although Maryland was tolerant of different types of Christianity, they were still grounded in strict religious guidelines that shaped their laws and society (belief systems, identity)
Terms: Maryland, Sir Calvert/Lord Baltimore
Small Pox Vaccination Debate, 1721
60% people contracted the disease, 20% died, most destructive disease in colonial america, cotton mather and other puritan clergy men promoted the experimental inoculation surgery, anti-inoculaters were led by William Douglass, inoculation is the action of infecting uninfected citizens with small pox to receive less violent outbreak, pro-inoculation praises god for allowing them to find a way to prevent small pox, anti-inoculation says that promoting inoculation because of a few successes should not be aloud, both sides argued for their cause, overall it appears that inoculation was widely successful. (peopling, social)
Terms: Cotton Mather, life in the New England
Map of Puritan Village 1639-56
Houses close together, lots of shared land, built near a river, roads through out, the houses surround town resources (clay pit, cow pen, common fields, pine swamp, and meeting house), no church visible
(identity, geography, economy)
Terms: Social structure in New England, yeomen, family structure, puritans
Slaves working in 17th-century Virginia
in huts, nearly naked, tanning hide, spinning some material, next to a nice house, around 10 slaves, mostly men, 1 child, planters are visable next to the house watching the slaves work. (peopling, economy)
Terms: Life in the Chesapeake, roots of slavery, Creole Blacks, society structure in the Chesapeake
Map of Exports per region in Colonial America (1750)
New England mainly exported natural resources (timber) and fish, the middle colonies, had mainly domesticated animals and natural resources, the southern colonies, mainly cash crops (rice, tobacco, corn) (economy)
Terms: mercantilism, enumerated goods, navigation acts, consumer revolution and inter coastal trade
