Chapter 2: Population and Health

Question 1

Agricultural Density

Answer 1

The population density measured as the number of farmers per unit area of arable land.

Question 2

Arithmetic Density

Answer 2

The total number of people / area of land (measured in square miles or square kilometers )

Question 3

Census

Answer 3

A complete enumeration of a population.

Question 4

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 4

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 5

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 5

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 6

Demographic Transition

Answer 6

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and higher total population.

Question 7

Demography

Answer 7

The scientific study of population characteristics.

Question 8

Dependency Ratio

Answer 8

The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active n the labor force.

Question 9

Doubling Time

Answer 9

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Question 10

Ecumene

Answer 10

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement.

Question 11

Epidemiologic Transition

Answer 11

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

Question 12

Epidemiology

Answer 12

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality

Question 13

Industrial Revolution

Answer 13

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.

Question 14

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Answer 14

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year of age for every 1,000 live births in a society.

Question 15

Life Expectancy

Answer 15

The average number of years an individual can b expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.
Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.

Question 16

Medical Revolution

Answer 16

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives.

Question 17

Natural Increase rate (NIR)

Answer 17

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

Question 18

Overpopulation

Answer 18

A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.

Question 19

Pandemic

Answer 19

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.

Question 20

Physiology Density

Answer 20

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

Question 21

Population Pyramid

Answer 21

A bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex.

Question 22

Sex Ratio

Answer 22

The number of males per 100 females in the population.

Question 23

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Answer 23

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

Question 24

Zero Population Growth (ZPG)

Answer 24

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where natural increase rate equals zero.