Chapter 1: Basic Concepts (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Map

A

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it.

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2
Q

Mental map

A

An internal representation of a portion of Earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located.

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3
Q

Meridian

A

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles.

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4
Q

Parallel

A

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians.

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5
Q

Pattern

A

The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area.

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6
Q

Physiological density

A

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.

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7
Q

Place

A

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.

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8
Q

Polder

A

Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area.

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9
Q

Possibilism

A

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

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10
Q

Principal meridian

A

A north-south line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States.

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11
Q

Projection

A

The system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map.

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12
Q

Region

A

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features.

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13
Q

Regional studies

A

An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area.

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14
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.

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15
Q

Remote sensing

A

The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.

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16
Q

Resource

A

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use.

17
Q

Scale

A

Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface.

18
Q

Section

A

A square normally 1 mile on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided townships in the United States into 36 sections.

19
Q

Site

A

The physical character of a place

20
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to other places. Situation factors Location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory.

21
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects.

22
Q

Space-time compression

A

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.

23
Q

Stimulus diffusion

A

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

24
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a portion of Earth’s’ surface.

25
Township
A square normally 6 miles on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the United States into a series of townships.
26
Transnational corporation
A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located
27
Uneven development
The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy
28
Vernacular region (or perceptual region)
An area that people believe to exist as part of their cultural identity.