Chapter 2 - Pharmacokinetics & Individual Varation Flashcards
Bioavailability
Percentage of the drug dosage that is absorbed
Drug Absorption
entrance of a drug into the bloodstream from its site of administration
Drug Addiction
Condition of drug abuse and drug dependence that is characterized by compulsive drug behavior
Drug Dependence
Condition of reliance on the use of a particular drug, characterized as physical and/or psychological dependence
Drug Distribution
Passage of a drug from the blood to the tissues and organs of the body
Drug excretion
Elimination of the drug from the body
Drug metabolism
The enzymatic biotransformation of a drug into metabolites
Drug Microsomal Metabolizing System (DMMS)
Group of Enzymes located primarily in the liver that function to metabolize (biotransformation) drugs
Drug Tolerance
Decreased drug effect occurring after repeated drug administration
Enzyme Induction
Increase in the amount of drug-metabolzing enzymes after repeated administration of certain drugs
Enzyme Inhibition
Inhibition of a drug-metabolizing enzymes by certain drugs.
First-pass metabolism
Drug metabolism that occurs in the intestines and liver during oral absorption of drugs into the systemic circulation
Half-Life
Time required for the body to reduce the amount of drug in the plasma by one-half
Individual Variation
Difference in the effects of drugs and drug dosages from ones person to another
Intramuscular (IM) Injection
Route of drug administration; drug is injected into gluteal or deltoid muscles