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Child Development > Chapter 2 Part 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Epigenesis

A

The emergence of new structures and functions in the course of development.

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2
Q

Gametes

A

Reproductive cells, egg and sperm that contain half the genetic material over all other cells in the body

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3
Q

Meiosis

A

Cell division that produces gametes

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4
Q

Conception

A

The union of an egg from the mother and a sperm from the father

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5
Q

Zygote

A

A fertilized egg cell

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6
Q

Embryo

A

The name given to the developing organism from week 3 to week 8 of prenatal development

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7
Q

Fetus

A

The name given to the developing fetus from week 9 to birth

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8
Q

Mitosis

A

Cell division resulting in two identical daughter cells

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9
Q

Embryonic Stem Cells

A

Embryonic cells that can develop into any type of cell

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10
Q

Apoptosis

A

Genetically programmed cell death

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11
Q

Identical Twins

A

Twins that result from the splitting in half of the zygote, resulting in each of the two resulting zygotes having the same set of genes

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12
Q

Fraternal Twins

A

Twins that result when two eggs happened to be released into the Fallopian tube at the same time and are fertilized by two different sperm

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13
Q

Neural Tube

A

A groove formed in the top layer of differentiated cells in the embryo that eventually become the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Amniotic Sac

A

A fluid filled membrane that surrounds and protects the fetus

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15
Q

Placenta

A

A support organ for the fetus keeping the circulatory systems of the mother and fetus separate

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16
Q

Umbilical Cord

A

A tube containing the blood vessels connecting the fetus and placenta

17
Q

Cephalocaudal Development

A

The pattern of growth in which areas near the head develop earlier than areas far from the head

18
Q

Habituation

A

A simple form of learning that involves a decrease in response to repeated or continued stimulation

19
Q

Dishabituation

A

The introduction of a new stimulus rekindles interest habituation to a repeated stimulus

20
Q

Phylogenetic Continuity

A

The idea because of evolution, humans share many characteristics, behaviors, and developmental processes with other animals

21
Q

Teratogen

A

An external agent that can cause damage or death during prenatal development

22
Q

Sensitive Period

A

The period of time during which a developing organism is most sensitive to the effects of external factors

23
Q

Dose Response Relation

A

Relation in which the effect of an exposure to an element increases with the extent of exposure

24
Q

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

A

The sudden unexpected death of an infant less than 1 year old with no identifiable cause

25
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A

The effects of maternal alcohol consumption on a developing fetus. Facial deformities and mental retardation are some of the effects

26
Q

State

A

Level of arousal and engagement in the environment

27
Q

Rapid Eye Movement

A

An active sleep state characterized by jerky eye movements under closed lids and dreaming in adults

28
Q

Non-REM Sleep

A

A quiet or deep sleep state characterized by the absence of motor activity or eye movements and regular brain waves, breathing, and heart rate

29
Q

Swaddling

A

A soothing technique, used in many cultures, that involves wrapping a baby tightly in a blanket or cloth

30
Q

Colic

A

Excess crying by an infant for no reason

31
Q

Infant Mortality

A

Death during the first year after birth

32
Q

Low Birth Weight

A

A weight of less than 5.5 pounds

33
Q

Premature

A

Any child born at 37 weeks or earlier

34
Q

Small for Gestational Age

A

Babies who weigh less than normal

35
Q

Developmental Resilience

A

Successful developmental in spite of multiple developmental hazards

Child Development (3 decks)

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