Chapter 2 (Part 1) Flashcards
What are the 11 immediate outcomes to measure for the FATF effectiveness assessment
- ML/TF risks are known and actions coordinated to combat or thwart the proliferation of ML/TF.
- International cooperation provides actionable information to use against criminals
- Supervisors regulate financial institutiosn and NBFIs and their risk based AML/CFT programs
- Financial institutions and NBFIs apply preventative measures and report suspicious transactions
- Legal persons are not misused for ML/TF and beneficial ownership information is available to authorities.
- Financial intelligence information is used by authorities in ML and CFT investigations.
- Money laundering offenses are investigated and criminally prosecuted, and sanctions are imposed
- proceeds of a crime are confiscated
- terrorist financing offenses are investigated and criminally prosecuted, and sanctions are imposed
- Terrorists and terrorist organizations are prevented from raising, moving, and using money that are not permitted to abuse non profit organizations
- Persons and organizations involved in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction are prevented from raising, moving, and using money
What are the three intermediate outcomes of fatif
- policy, cooperation, and coordination to mitigate money laundering and terrorist financing.
- prevention of proceeds of crime entering into the financial system and reporting of such when they do
- Detection and disruption of ML/TF threats
what are the 3 main activities FATF has focused on since its creation
- Standard setting
- Ensuring effective compliance with the standards
- identifying money laundering and terrorist financing threats
What are the 5 areas the 40 recommendations covers
- the identification of risks and development of appropriate policies
- the criminal justice system and law enforcement
- The financial system and its regulation
- the transparency of legal persons and arrangements
- international cooperation
what did FATF introduce with the 2012 revision as the first recommendation in combating money laundering and CFT
the risk assessment
What are 6 of the most important changes from 2003 in the recommendations.
- expanded coverage to include CFT
- widened the categories of business that should be covered by national laws including real estate agents, precious metal dealers, accountants, lawyers and trust services providers
- specified compliance procedures on issues such as customer identification and due diligence including enhanced identification measures for higher risk customers and transactions
- adopted a clearer defintion of money laundering predicate offenses
- encouraged prohibition of shell banks
- included stronger safeguards notably regarding international cooperation in terrorist financing investigations
what are the 6 important changes in the 2012 revision
- creation of a recommendation on assessing risks and applying a risk-based approach to all AML/CFT efforts
- Creation of a recommendation for targeted financial sanctions related to the proliferation of WMDs
- more attention on domestic PEPs and those entrusted with a prominent function by an international organization
- new requirement for the identification and assessment of risks of new products prior to the launch of the new product
- new requirement for financial groups to implement group-wide AML/CFT programs and have procedures for sharing information within the group
- inclusion of tax crimes within the scope of designated categories of offenses for money laundering
what are the first 6 of 11 highiglights of the 2012 revision
- Risk-based approach
- designated categories of offenses
- terrorist financing and financing of proliferation
- knowledge and criminal liability
- customer due diligence measures
- Additional customer due diligence on specific customers and activities
What are 7-11
- Suspicious transaction and/or activity reporting
- expanded coverage of industries
- transparency and beneficial ownership of legal persons and arrangements
- powers and responsibilities of competent authorities
- international cooperation
what should countries do with regarding risk based approach
they should start by identifying, assessing and understanding the money laundering and terrorist financing risks they face
then they should take appropriate measures to mitigate the identified risks
what is the deal with designated categories of offenses
these serve as money laundering predicates (i.e. crimes that offenders attempt to conceal through financial subterfuge that should constitute precursory offenses to money laundering)
for additional customer due diligence on specific customers and activities what categories are listed (5 of them)
- PEPs
- Cross border Correspondent banking
- Money or value transfer services
- New Technologies
- Wire transfers
what does the basel committee on banking supervision promote
sound supervisory standards worldwide
what did the first EU directive require members to do
enact legislation to prevent their domestic financial systems from being used for ML
what did the first directive confine
predicate offenses of money laundering to drug trafficking, but member states were encouraged to extend the predicate offenses to other crimes