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HIT 117 > Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body Flashcards

1
Q

Individual units found in all parts of the human body

A

cells

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2
Q

Similar cells grouped together to do a specific job

A

tissues

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3
Q

tructures composed of several kinds of tissue

A

organs

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4
Q

Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions

A

systems

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5
Q

Heart, blood, and blood vessels

A

circulatory system

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6
Q

Brings food into the body and breaks it down so it can enter the bloodstream

A

digestive system

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7
Q

Composed of glands; sends chemical messengers called hormones into the blood

A

endocrine system

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8
Q

Produce the cells that join to form the embryo

A

female and male reproductive system

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9
Q

including muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues; supports the body and allows it to move

A

Musculoskeletal System

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10
Q

Carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

A

nervous system

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11
Q

Controls breathing, a process in which air enters and leaves the body

A

respiratory system

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12
Q

Including the skin and eyes and ears; receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain

A

skin and sense organ system

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13
Q

Produces urine and sends it out of the body through the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

A

urinary system

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14
Q

Organs include brain

A

cranial cavity

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15
Q

Organs include lungs and heart

A

thoracic cavity

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16
Q

Organs include stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, and pancreas

A

abdominal cavity

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17
Q

Organs include the urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum and anus, and the uterus

A

pelvic cavity

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18
Q

Spinal column and nerves of the spinal cord

A

spinal cavity

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19
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities

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20
Q

mediastinum

A

space between the lungs

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21
Q

pelvis

A

bones of the hip

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22
Q

peritoneum

A

double membrane that cover the abdomen

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23
Q

pleura

A

double membrane that surrounds the lungs

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24
Q

A vertical plane that divides the body or body part, such as an organ, into front and back portions

A

frontal (coronal) plane

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25
Q
  • Another type of vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides
  • The midsagittal plane divides the body vertically into right and left halves.
A

sagittal (lateral) plane

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26
Q

A horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into upper and lower portions, as in a cross-section

A

transverse (axial) plane

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27
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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28
Q

anter/o

A

front

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29
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tubes

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30
Q

cervic/o

A

neck of the body of neck of the uterus

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31
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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32
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx, tailbone

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33
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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34
Q

epitheli/o

A

skin, surface tissue

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35
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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36
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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37
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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38
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx (voice box)

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39
Q

later/o

A

side

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40
Q

lumb/o

A

loin or waist

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41
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph (clear fluid in tissue spaces and lymph vessels)

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42
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

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43
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

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44
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

45
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

46
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

47
Q

poster/o

A

back, behind

48
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

49
Q

spin/o

A

spine

50
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

51
Q

trache/o

A

trachea (windpipe)

52
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra (backbone)

53
Q

female endocrine organ

A

ovary

54
Q

space below the diaphragm

A

abdomen

55
Q

pertaining to the chest

A

thoracic

56
Q

procedure necessary for brain surgery; incision of the skull

A

craniotomy

57
Q

radi/o

A

x-rays

58
Q

produces urine and sends it out of the body

A

urinary

59
Q

secretes hormones that are carried by blood to other organs

A

endocrine

60
Q

supports the body and helps it move

A

musculoskeletal

61
Q

takes food into the body and breaks it down to be absorbed into the bloodstream

A

digestive

62
Q

transports blood containing nutrients, gases, and other substances through the body

A

circulatory

63
Q

moves air into and out of the body

A

respiratory

64
Q

produces the cells that unite to form a new baby

A

reproductive

65
Q

receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain

A

skin and sense organs

66
Q

carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

A

nervous

67
Q

space located within the bones of the hip

A

pelvic (urinary, bladder, uterus)

68
Q

space located within the skull

A

cranial (brain

69
Q

space located within the abdomen

A

abdominal (stomach)

70
Q

space located within the backbones

A

spinal (spinal cord)

71
Q

space located within the chest

A

thoracic (lungs, heart)

72
Q

the muscle separating the chest and the abdomen is the

A

diaphragm

73
Q

the membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen is the

A

peritoneum

74
Q

the membrane surrounding the lungs is the

A

pleura

75
Q

the space between the lungs in the chest is the

A

mediastinum

76
Q

the space that contains organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines is the

A

abdomen

77
Q

the backbones are the

A

spinal column

78
Q

the nerves running down the back form the

A

spinal cord

79
Q

a single backbone is a

A

vertebra

80
Q

a piece of cartilage in between two backbones is a

A

disk (disc)

81
Q

5 divisions of the spinal column from the neck to the tailbone

A
  1. cervical
  2. thoracic
  3. lumbar
  4. sacral
  5. coccygael
82
Q

pertaining to the back

A

posterior

83
Q

pertaining to the front

A

anteior

84
Q

an imaging study that uses magnetic waves; all three planes of the body are viewed

A

MRI

85
Q

flexible connective tissue found between bones at joints

A

cartilage

86
Q

series of cross-sectional x-ray images

A

CT scan

87
Q

pertaining to the mediastinum (the space between the lungs)

A

mediastinal

88
Q

incision of the trachea

A

tracheotomy

89
Q

pertaining to the neck of the body, or neck of the uterus

A

cerivcal

90
Q

lymph cell

A

lymphocyte

91
Q

pertaining to the side

A

lateral

92
Q

visual examination of bronchial tubes using an endoscope

A

bronchoscopy

93
Q

malignant tumor of cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

94
Q

study of x-rays

A

radiology

95
Q

pertaining to the tailbone

A

coccygael

96
Q

pertaining to skin cells

A

epithelial

97
Q

pertaining to the tube from the throat to stomach

A

esophogael

98
Q

visual examination of the abdomen

A

laparoscopy

99
Q

incision of the abdomen

A

laparotomy

100
Q

pertaining to the voice box

A

laryngael

101
Q

pertaining to the loin region below the thoracic vertebrae

A

lumbar

102
Q

pertaining to the throat

A

pharyngael

103
Q

inflammation of the membrane surrounding the lungs

A

pleuritis

104
Q

pertaining to the sacrum

A

sacral

105
Q

incision of the chest

A

thoractomy

106
Q

pertaining to backbones

A

vertebral

107
Q

benign tumor of cartilagge

A

chondroma

108
Q

malignant tumor of cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

109
Q

one of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder

A

ureter

HIT 117 (11 decks)

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