Chapter 2: Network Models Flashcards
A MAC address is known as a(n) ____ address.
physical
A NIC sends data in discrete chunks called ______.
frames
An IP address is also known as a _______ address.
logical
Any device that deals with a MAC address is part of which layer of the OSI model?
Data Link (Layer 2)
Anything that deals with pure IP packets (getting an IP packet to its destination) sits in the _______ layer.
Internet
How much data can a typical frame hold?
1500 bytes
In the TCP/IP model, any part of the network that deals with complete frames is in the ______ layer.
Link
Is TCP connection-oriented or connectionless?
Connection-oriented
Is UDP connection-oriented or connectionless?
Connectionless
What are segments/datagrams given to help the receiving system know the total # of segments/datagrams and how to put them together?
Sequencing Numbers
What are the chunks of data called at the Network Layer (Layer 3)?
Packets
What are the first 3 tuples of a MAC address called?
The last 3?
-Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)
What are the four layers of TCP/IP?
4) Application
3) Transport
2) Internet
1) Link/Network Interface
What are the seven layers of the OSI model?
7) Application
6) Presentation
5) Session
4) Transport
3) Network
2) Data Link
1) Physical
What are the two sublayers of the Data Link Layer?
1) Logical Link Control (LLC)
2) Media Access Control (MAC)
What are the two unique identifiers that each system has in a TCP/IP network?
1) IP address
2) MAC address
What device uses IP addresses?
Router
What does a NIC do if it doesn’t know the MAC address it’s trying to reach?
It sends a broadcast onto the network.
What does de-encapsulation refer to?
Reverses the process of encapsulation
2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 6 -> 7 -> app
What does encapsulation refer to?
The entire process of preparing data to go onto a network
app -> 7 -> 6 -> 5 -> 4 -> 3 -> 2 -> 1
What does OSI stand for?
Open Systems Interconnect
What does TCP/IP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol
What does the FCS do?
Verifies that the data arrived correctly
What does the session software do?
Handles connecting applications to applications
What happens at the Presentation layer (Layer 6)?
Data from lower layers is translated into a format usable by the Application layer and vice versa.
What happens in the Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer?
- Talking to the system’s OS
- Handling protocols
- Providing flow control
What happens in the Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer?
- Creates and addresses the frame
- Adds the NIC’s own MAC address and attaches MAC addresses to the frames.
- Adds or checks FCS
What is a benefit of using frames?
Frames keep any one NIC from hogging the wire
What is a NIC?
The Network Interface Card serves as the interface between the PC and the network.
What is a switch?
A switch is a device that filters traffic by MAC address to get data to the correct places.
What is an API?
An Application Programming Interface provides a standard way for programmers to enhance or extend applications’ capabilities.
What is CRC?
Cyclic Redundancy Check is what FCS uses to ensure data arrived correctly.
What is the last layer that deals with hardware?
Network Layer
What is the numbering namespace from which MAC address come from called?
Extended Unique Identifier (EUI)-48
What is the structure of a basic frame?
Receiving MAC -> Sending MAC -> type -> data -> Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
What is the structure of a packet?
Dest. IP -> Source IP -> Data
What is UTP?
Unshielded Twisted Pair is a type of cable usually containing 4 pairs of wires that can transmit and receive data
What are data chunks called at the Transport Layer?
Segments (for TCP)
or
Datagrams (for UDP)
What uniquely identifies every NIC?
Media Access Controller (MAC) address
What Windows utility do you use to find the MAC address for a system?
ipconfig /all
Where does a hub send data?
To all systems connected to the hub.
Which layer are cabling and the central box part of?
Physical (Layer 1)
Which layer of OSI defines the method of moving data between two computers?
Physical (Layer 1)
Which layer of the OSI seven-layer model keeps track of a system’s connections to send the right response to the right computer?
The Session Layer (Layer 5)
Which layer of the TCP/IP model controls the assembly and disassembly of data?
The Transport Layer
Which of the following is an example of a MAC address?
A) 0-255
B) 00-50-56-A3-04-0C
C) SBY3M7
D) 192.168.4.13
B) 00-50-56-A3-04-0C
