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Anatomy > Chapter 2 - Nervouse System > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Nervouse System Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous System

A

system responsible for coordinating all the many activities that are performed by the bod

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2
Q

Neurology

A

Scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system

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3
Q

Divisions of The Nervous System

A

Central Nervous System CNS
Peripheral Nervous System PNS
Autonomic Nervous System ANS

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4
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, cranial nerves.
Controls consciousness & many mental activities, involuntary functions of the five senses (seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling & tasting) Voluntary muscle actions including body movements & facial expressions.

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5
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

connects the peripheral (outer) parts of the body to the central nervous system; has sensory & motor nerves.
Carry impulses, or messages to & from the central nervous system.

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6
Q

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

A

Controls the involuntary muscles; regulates the action of smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, heart & breathing

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7
Q

Brain

A

Largest & most complex mass
of the nerve tissue in the body.
Controls sensation, muscles & glandular activity.

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8
Q

Brain Stem

A

Connects the spinal cord to the brain.
vital functions Breathing, heartbeat, bp.

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9
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Continuation of the brain stem and originates in the brain, extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk. 31 pairs of spinal nerves extend from spinal cord & distributed to the muscles & skin of the trunk & limbs

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10
Q

Nerves

A

Whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connectie tissue, through which impulses are transmitted. Branches extend to all parts of body.

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11
Q

2 Types of Nerves

A

Sensory nerves - impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain.
Motor nerves -impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands.

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12
Q

Sensory Nerves

A

impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain.
Sensations such as touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain.

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13
Q

Receptors

A

Sensory nerve endings
Located close to the surface of skin

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14
Q

Motor Nerves

A

Carry impulses from brain to the muscles or glands.

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15
Q

Reflex

A

automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse.

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16
Q

How many cranial nerves

A

12 pairs
arising at the base of the brain & brain stem.
activate muscles & sensory structure of the head & neck, skin, membranes, eyes & ears.

17
Q

Estheticians are primarily concern of which cranial nerves?

A

Fifth, - Largest one aka trifacial or Trigeminal.
Seventh- aka facial nerve
Eleventh - aka accessory nerve

18
Q

5th Cranial Nerve AKA Trifacial/Trigeminal

A

Chief sensory nerve of the face
Controls chewing.
Consist of 3 branches
Ophthalmic Nerve
Mandibular Nerve
Maxillary Nerve

19
Q

5th cranial nerve branch affects skin of forehead, upper eyelids, interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eye ball, nasal passage.

A

Ophthalmic nerve

20
Q

5th cranial nerve branch that affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip

A

Mandibular Nerve

21
Q

5th cranial nerve branch that affects the upper part of the face.

A

Maxillary nerve

22
Q

Branches of the 5th cranial nerve affected by facial or lymphatic massage. 8 of them

A

Auriculotemporal nerve- external ear & skin above temple up to skull.
Infraorbital nerve- skin of the lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip, mouth.
Infratrochlear Nerve - skin membrane of nose.
Mental Nerve -skin of the lower lip & chin.
Nasal Nerve -lower side of nose
Supraorbital nerve- skin of forehead, scalp, eyebrow, upper eyelid.
Supratrochlear nerve - skin between the eyes & upper side of the nose.
Zygomatic nerve -muscles upper part of neck.

23
Q

The 7th cranial Nerve aka Facial Nerve

A

chief motor nerve of the face.
merges near the lower part of the ear & extends to the muscles of the neck.
control muscles of facial expression & secretions of saliva.

24
Q

Most Important Branches of the facial nerve.

A

Buccal - muscles of mouth
Cervical - side of neck & platysma muscle
Mandibular -muscles of the chin & lower lip.
Posterior Auricular- muscle behind ear at base of the skull.
Temporal - muscles of temple, side of forehead, eyebrow, eyelid, upper part of the cheek.
Zygomatic -muscles upper part of neck

25
Q

The Eleventh Cranial nerve AKA Accessory Nerve

A

Motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck & shld muscles.
Important because it is affected during facials, primarily w massage.

26
Q

Branches of the 11th cranial nerve AKA Accessory Nerve

A

Cervical Cutaneous nerve- side of neck, affects front & sides of neck as far down as the breastbone.
*Greater auricular nerve- side of neck, affects the face, ears, neck & parotid gland.
*Greater occipital nerve - back of head, affects scalp as far up as the top of the head.
*Smaller Occipital Nerve AKA Lesser Occipital Nerve - base of skull, affects scalp & muscles behind the ear.

27
Q

Nerves of the arms

A

Digital
Radial
Median
Ulnar

28
Q

Digital Nerve

A

sensory motor nerve
with its branches supplies the fingers

29
Q

Radial Nerve

A

Supplies the thumb side of the arm & back of hand

30
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A

Affects little finger side of arms & palm of the hand.

31
Q

Vagus Nerve

A

located abdominal cavity.
Nerve of Autonomic nervous system.
Reaction to trigger can cause sudden drop in blood pressure resulting in fainting

32
Q

Circulatory System AKA
Cardiovascular System

A

Steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart & blood vessels (veins, arteries)

33
Q

The Heart

A

Bodys pump
Cone shape organ keeps blood moving within circulatory system

34
Q

Heartbeat

A

Regulates by Vagus (10th cranial) nerve.
resting rate 72 to 80 times /min

35
Q

Pulmonary Circulation

A

Carries blood from 💜 to 🫁 to be oxygenated.

36
Q

Systematic Circulation

A

General circulation carries Oxygenated blood from 💜 through body & back to 💜

Anatomy (4 decks)

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