Chapter 2: Migration in early modern England. Flashcards
Protestant
Christians who disagreed with the Catholic Church’s interpretation of Christianity.
Charter
Written permission from the monarch giving rights and privileges to certain groups and individuals.
Reformation
A European movement, headed by Martin Luther, that started by criticising what they saw as corruption and power of priests, bishops and the Pope. They argued that only by going back to the teachings of the Bible that people could find their true faith. Luther and his followers created a split in the Catholic church. His followers were called Protestants.
Denizen
Certain rights allowed to migrants in their new country.
Republic
A country where the head of state is not a monarch.
Rabbi
A Jewish religious leader and teacher.
Royal prerogative
The right of a monarch to make decisions without reference to Parliament,
Parish registers
These were introduced in September 1538. Every Church of England parish had to keep registers of all baptisms, marriages and burials that happened there. The parish priest had to keep them up-to-date.
Hispaniola
The first Caribbean island to be settled (which was by the Spanish at the end of the 15th century).
Shackles
Metal cuffs connected by a chain that fasten a person’s ankles or wrists together.
Monopoly
Exclusive control of trade.
Ayah
Indian word for a nanny - a woman who looks after children.
Lascar
The name given to Indian sailors working on ships owned by the east India Company.
Sephardic Jews
Jews coming mainly from communities in Spain and Portugal.
Sweetmeats
Food rich in sugar, such as candied or crystallised fruit.
Royal Exchange
A centre of commerce for the City of London.
Ashkenazi Jews
Jews coming mainly from Germany, Poland and Russia.
Relief System
A system whereby food, clothing and money was given to poor people who were either out of work or earning too little to be able to look after themselves and their families.
Taffeta
A fine, shiny silk fabric.
Brocade
A richly decorated heavy silk fabric, sometimes with gold and silver thread woven into it.
Worsted
A finely woven woollen fabric.
National Debt
The amount of money a government has borrowed.
Glorious Revolution
Took place 1688-89 and involved the overthrow of the Catholic King James II and his replacement by the Protestant William, Duke of Orange, and his wife Mary. Mary was James’ daughter by his first wife.
Sluices
Channels for water which are controlled by gates.
Washes
Reservoirs to store floodwaters.
Coleseed
The 17th century name for rapeseed.
Woad
A plant used to make a blue dye.
Stationer
Person who supplies paper and writing materials.
Sacrament
A religious ceremony such as baptism.
Guild
An association of craftspeople or merchants having considerable power over the quality of work produced and so over membership.
Protestant work ethic
The value attached to hard work and efficiency.
