Chapter 2: Mental health, mental disorder, recovery and well-being Flashcards
Mental health
Recovery is envisioned as gaining hope and purpose, understanding one’s abilities disabilities rights and resources, and living a meaningful satisfying life even with mental health problems or illness.
Mental health
Mental health is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stress of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her own community. You can experience mental health while living with a severe mental disorder. Optimal mental health and minimal mental health represent the extremes well maximal mental disorder and absence of mental disorder represent the extremes on the other continuum. Both the level of mental health and the severity of a persons mental disorder can vary over their lifetime. Mental health and physical health are integrated, not distinct. There’s no true physical health without mental health.
Well-being
Mental health is considered a state of well-being. Well-being is the state of being healthy, happy or papas prosperous, physically psychologically or moral welfare. It is experienced as coming home to self where the notion of home is critical.
Canadian index of well-being
The Canadian index of well-being CIW is used as a measure of the quality of life in Canada. Calculated using 64 indicators Across eight interconnected quality of life domains including community vitality, demographic engagement, education, environment, healthy populations, leisure and culture, living standards and time use.
Social progress index
Social progress index CPI measures national progress in delivering social and environmental value. Give us a more holistic picture of a country’s overall performance Canada was ranked second in 2016. Social progress is defined as the capacity of a society to meet the basic needs of its citizens, established the building blocks that allow citizens and communities to enhance and sustain the quality of their life and create The conditions for all individuals to meet their full potential. SPI represents components of basic human needs such as water and sanitation shelter personal safety, foundations of well-being such as access to basic knowledge health and wellness, opportunity such as personal rights personal freedom of choice.
Mental illness
Each year one and five Canadians will be living with a mental health problem or illness. Mental disorder is the medical term for mental illness and refers to a diagnosable health condition based on an excepted classification system with criteria related to alterations in mood and affect, behavioural and thinking and cognition.
Diagnosing mental disorders
Classification systems identified the criteria required for a particular condition to be diagnosed and provide a common language for healthcare professionals to use. To most excepted psychiatric classifications are the mental and behavioural disorder section of the WHO’s international statistics classification of disease and related health problems ICD 10th edition. The second is the American psychiatric Association’s diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM.
The DSM5
Has three sections. One an introduction an explanation of it to use including a caution regarding its friends excuse. To the diagnostic criteria and codes. Three emerging measures (assessment) and models, an alternative model for personality disorders and conditions for future study.It is organized across developmental and life spanned lines. Mental disorders are delineated in a way such as cultural social and familiar norms and values can be recognized as influencing the expression and experience of symptoms signs and behaviors.
Gender differences in the DSM five
Gender differences are defined as variations that result from biological sex as well as individuals self representation that includes the psychological, behavioural and social consequences of one’s perceived gender. Gender influences illnesses in several ways such as risk for disorder, symptom presentation and willingness to endorse symptoms.
Culture in the DSM five
Uses three concepts to point to Waze culture influences illness including symptom presentation, help seeking behaviors, expectations of and response to treatment and adoption to living with the illness. The concepts are cultural syndrome, cultural idiom of distress and cultural explanation of perceived cause.
Diagnosing mental disorders continued
Saving normal
Alan Francis in his book states he wants to save normal in that he finds aspects of every day life or being transformed into illness. He thinks that grief is becoming medicalized. The grieving Person may be at risk if prescribed unnecessary medication. He is concerned that big Pharma marketing of their product means that psychiatric illness also gets marketed. Shyness readily becomes social phobia. Interest in something such as chocolate or the Internet becomes an addiction. He is concerned that psychiatry stay within appropriate bounds.
Diagnosis as labelling
Receiving a diagnosis can be a relief as it allows for better understanding of symptoms and behaviour and means a treatment can begin. Diagnosis can have negative consequences though such as loss of personal identity if the person becomes viewed as the disease and experiences stigma associated with mental illness. To avoid labeling, refer to individuals using first person language. Refer to someone as a person with diabetes instead of as a diabetic. Understanding labelling processes can facilitate conceptualization And implementation of stigma reduction strategies
Health states and mental illness
Using the classification and measurement system of functional health CLEMES, in which 11 attributes are used to indicate daily functioning, aspects of living with a particular disorder are described. There is also a brief review of the disorder including prevalence and treatment.
Mental health literacy
Mental health literacy is the knowledge and skills that enable people to access, understand an apply information for mental health. Unfortunately stigma and discrimination are negatively influencing Canadas response to people with mental illness, especially serious mental illness. Canadians willingness to disclose having a mental illness especially in the workplace is also affected
Mental health first aid
Mental health first aid is aimed at improving mental health literacy through providing the awareness, knowledge and skills to help people cope with potential or developing mental health problems. Focusses on signs and symptoms, ways to provide initial comfort and support in guidance as to seeking appropriate professional assistance
Recovery
Recovery is viewed as an active process unique to each individual and is a corner stone of Canada’s approach to mental health care. Is broader than clinical recovery. Recovery is viewed as being about having a satisfying and hopeful life even with mental health problems or illness. Recovery orientation for nurses means that engagement with those in their care involves a focus on those persons strengths resources and rights and is shaped by culturally safe and competent practices.
Recovery related to mental illness means gaining and retaining hope, understanding of one’s abilities and disabilities, engagement in an active life, personal autonomy, social identity, meaning and purpose in life and a positive sense of self. It is not synonymous with cure
The mental health of Canadians
6K directions of the strategy involves promoting mental health across the lifespan including in the workplace, fostering recovery and well-being for those living with mental health problems and illness and upholding their rights, providing appropriate services and reducing disparities in access to them, working with first Nations Inuit and meaty people to address their needs, and mobilizing collaborative and leader ship at all levels.
Research based care
The Nurses are challenged to generate evidence for best care interventions, to use methods of inquiry that allow a better understanding of the experience of mental health mental illness recovery and well-being and to translate new knowledge into better care. Researching is transforming care in positive ways such as decreasing the use of seclusion and restraint as well as research showing the efficacy of new approaches to mental health community services. Research methods being utilized Include randomized controlled trial’s and philosophical inquiry
