Chapter 2 - Matter and Change Flashcards
What is a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed without changing the composition?
physical property
What is a homogeneous mixture?
solution
What is a substance that is formed in a chemical reaction?
products
What is a physical blend of 2 or more substances?
mixture
What is the starting substances in a chemical reaction?
reactants
What is the part of a sample with uniform composition and properties?
phase
What is a study of composition of substances and the changes?
chemistry
What is matter that takes both the shape and volume of the container?
gas
What is the simplest form of matter that can exist under normal lab conditions?
elements
What substance can only be separated into simpler substances by chemical reaction?
compounds
What occurs when iron and oxygen combine to form iron oxide (rust)?
a chemical change
What distinguishes a physical change from a chemical change?
Mass is conserved
Give an example of a compound
Water - H2O
Give an example of a chemical change
rotting meat
What is the chemical symbol of sodium
Na
What is the chemical symbol of potassium
K
What is the chemical symbol of silver
Ag
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What is gas?
A form of matter that takes the shape and volume of the container
Give some examples of physical changes?
- cutting and grinding of meat
- freezing and melting of water
- Boiling and condensing of water
When does a chemical change occur in a piece of wood?
When it decays
What are some characteristics of a substance in the liquid state?
- able to flow
- not easily compressed
- definite volume
Is dissolving salt in water a chemical change?
NO
Can ELEMENTS be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions?
NO
Does a heterogeneous mixture have 2 or more phases?
YES
Is color an example of intensive property?
NO
What are the four signs that a chemical reaction may have occurred?
- Gas is created
- There is a color change
- There is an energy change - temperature
- A Precipitate forms
Be prepared if the following is a homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, compound or element:
vegetable soup table sugar apple juice tap water marble table salt hydrogen
Vegetable soup - - heterogeneous mixture table sugar - - compound apple juice - - homogeneous mixture tap water - - homogeneous mixture marble - - heterogeneous mixture table salt - - compound hydrogen - - element
Be prepared to state if the following is a physical change or a chemical change:
dissolving sugar water evaporating spoiled milk digesting food burning a match carving a piece of wood
dissolving sugar - - physical water evaporating - - physical spoiled milk - - chemical digesting food - - chemical burning a match - - chemical carving a piece of wood - - physical
Be able to STATE the Law of Conservation of Mass.
In a physical or chemical reaction - mass is neither created or destroyed in is CONSERVED!!
Tell how you would separate water and alcohol.
Distillation - - boil the alcohol and water - the water will turn into a vapor and rise into a tube where is will condenses back into a liquid
Tell how you would separate sand and salt
Use water to dissolve salt - then use a filter paper to remove the sand from the water - let the water evaporate and the salt will be left behind
Tell how you would separate iron filings and lead
use a magnet to pull the iron filings out
iron is magnetic and lead is NOT
In a lab you started with a purple powder and added HCl - the purple powder fizzed and produced a white substance. Was the purple powder a compound or and element?
A compound - - because is was broken down into a simpler substance - it is NOT possible with and element.
What is the element of H?
Hydrogen
What is the symbol of Gold?
Au
What is the symbol of Lead?
Pb
What is the element of C?
Carbon
What is the symbol of Nickel?
Ni
What is the element of Sb?
Antimony
Be able to fill in the MATTER chart
See Mrs. Krumpelman for help
