Chapter 2: Matter

Question 1

Which of the following is an element?
A. air
B. water
C. salt
D. helium

Answer 1

D Helium

Question 2

Which of the following describes a physical change?
A. Cookies burn in the oven.
B. A banana ripens.
C. Sugar dissolves in coffee.
D. Leaves turn colors in the fall.

Answer 2

C. Sugar Dissolves in Coffee

Question 3

Which of the following is a chemical change?
A. Water condenses on a mirror.
B. A nail rusts.
C. A damp towel dries.
D. Peanuts are crushed.

Answer 3

B. A nail Rusts

Question 4

Consider the following substances: sodium, sugar, air,
iron. How many are pure compounds?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Answer 4

A - 1

Question 5

A homogeneous mixture is also called:
A. a heterogeneous mixture
B. a pure substance
C. a compound
D. a solution

Answer 5

D. A solution

Question 6

Which of the following processes requires chemical
methods?
A. Separating a homogeneous mixture into pure
substances
B. Breaking a compound into its constituent elements
C. Separating a heterogeneous mixture into pure
substances
D. Distilling a saltwater mixture

Answer 6

B. breaking a compound into its constituent elements

Question 7

Which best represents a solid element?

Answer 7

B

Question 8

Which best represents a homogeneous mixture of an
element and a compound?

Answer 8

E

Question 9

Which best represents a gaseous compound?

Answer 9

C

Question 10

Which best represents a heterogeneous mixture of two
elements?

Answer 10

D

Question 11

List one physical property and one chemical property
of wood, labeling each.

Answer 11

physcial - it’s a solid, it floats in water (less dense than water), and it has a color. A chemical property of wood is that it burns in oxygen. Fire Fire Fire

Question 12

Explain the differences among solids, liquids, and gases
both macroscopically and microscopically

Answer 12

macro – Solids have a fixed shape and volume, liquids have definite volume but take the shape of their container, gases have no fixed volume or shape.

micro – the particle that makes up a solid are packed closely together in a definite order. the particles that make up a liquid are packed close together but are not rigidly held together. the particles that make up a gas are spaced further apart and move randomely.

Question 13

Describe the composition of matter.

Question 14

Describe the difference between elements and compounds.

Question 15

*Define the three states of matter (PHET)

Question 16

Describe the differences between physical and chemical properties on an atomic level.

Question 17

Describe the differences between physical and chemical changes on an atomic level.

Question 18

Describe the differences between mixtures and pure substances on an atomic level.

Question 19

Describe some methods of separating mixtures.