Chapter 2 - Managment

Question 1

What did the industrial revolution lead to ?

Answer 1

Development of the factory system and the concentration of workers in factories, textile mills, and mines.

Thus, work changed from manual labour on farms and small-scale cottage industries to much larger-scale organisations.

This led to a rise in interest in organisation and management

Question 2

Paternalistic employers

Answer 2

A dominant authority figure who acts as a patriarch or matriarch and treats employees and partners as though they are members of a large, extended family. … Employees are listened to, but the leader always makes the final decision.

Question 3

What two fundamental questions did organization and management theories seek to address?

Answer 3

1- How best to design and structure organisations and work?

2- How best to manage people within these organisations?

Question 4

Classical approach focused on

Answer 4

Formal aspects of structure and work organisation.

As will be seen, they stressed rationality, efficiency, and rules and regulations.

Question 5

5 comprising elements of the Classical approach

Answer 5

• to forecast and plan
• to organize
• to command
• to coordinate
• to control

Question 6

Scientifc management

Answer 6

An approach to job design based on short, repetitive work cycles, clear defnition of the task, and motivation based on money.