Chapter 2 Management Danna Flashcards
:Management is getting tasks done through people in an
organized group
Harold Koontz
:Management is planning, organizing, and controlling
resources to achieve objectives.
Robert L. Trewelly and M. Gene Newport
: Management is working with and through others to meet
organizational goals efficiently in a changing environment.
Kreitner
:Management is knowing what to do, when to do it, and
doing it effectively at the lowest cost.
Frederick Taylor
focuses on executing day-to-day tasks like planning,
organizing, staffing, and controlling within departments.
Management
- is responsible for creating policies, setting goals, and
defining the vision and mission. It formulates plans while management
implements them.
Administration
involves overseeing operations and ensuring goals are
met.
Management
is about inspiring and motivating a team toward a shared
vision.
Leadership
Leadership vs. Management:
- Managers delegate tasks; leaders inspire and motivate.
- Management focuses on planning, organizing, and controlling; leadership
emphasizes listening, teamwork, and building relationships. - A manager’s authority comes from their position; a leader’s authority
comes from followers. - Managers follow policies; leaders follow instincts.
- Management is scientific and logical; leadership is an art focused on
people and influence.
Levels of Management:
-
Senior Management: Sets goals, decides strategy, and manages
resources (e.g., CEO, CFO, VPs). -
Middle Management: Implements strategies, sets departmental goals,
and oversees teams (e.g., department heads). -
Supervisory Management: Manages day-to-day operations and directly
supervises staff (e.g., team leaders, store managers).
Management Theories Overview:
Management theories offer frameworks and strategies to improve
organizational efficiency. Managers often combine concepts from various
theories to suit their workplace needs. Although some theories were
developed long ago, they remain relevant today.
Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management (Taylorism):
- Taylor emphasized efficiency by breaking down tasks into small units and
studying work processes. His approach aimed to improve productivity
through close collaboration between managers and workers. Taylor’s
methods influenced later management practices, especially in production
and healthcare.
- Max Weber and Bureaucratic Management:
Weber introduced the concept of bureaucracy as an ideal organizational
model, focused on hierarchy, clear rules, and division of labor. He emphasized
professionalism and a systematic structure, contrasting with the unstructured
practices of his time. Bureaucracy ensures consistency and fairness in
decision-making.
- Henri Fayol and Administrative Theory:
- Fayol focused on the overall organization rather than individual tasks. He
identified five core management functions: planning, organizing, staffing,
directing, and controlling. Fayol’s top-down approach laid the foundation for
modern management principles and remains widely applicable across
organizations
- Setting objectives and determining actions to achieve goals.
It involves forecasting and preparing plans like budgets and strategies to
guide future activities.
- Planning:
Allocating resources (people, capital, equipment) to
achieve the objectives. It includes developing organizational structures and
coordinating efforts through an established hierarchy.
- Organizing:
