Chapter 2: Lecture 2

Question 1

3 aims of the spanish colonization

Answer 1

GOLD, GLORY, GOD

Question 2

Lecture 2:

Answer 2

The Philippines under Spanish Colonial Regime

Question 3

The Spanish were driven by a desire for wealth and sought to acquire gold and other
precious metals from the lands they conquered.

Answer 3

gold

Question 4

Spanish conquistadors sought personal glory and fame through their conquests, hoping
to be remembered as heroes and leaders

Answer 4

glory

Question 5

The Spanish believed it was their religious duty to spread Christianity to the indigenous
peoples they encountered, often through force and conversion

Answer 5

god

Question 6

The Spanish King appointed a governor-general as the highest authority in the Philippines. The governor-general had broad powers, including the ability to appoint and remove officials, collect taxes, and administer justice

Answer 6

Centralized Government

Question 7

The government was organized in a hierarchical structure,
with officials at various levels reporting to their superiors. This ensured that the
Spanish Crown maintained control over the colonies.

Answer 7

Hierarchical Structure

Question 8

At the local level, Spanish officials governed the different regions of
the Philippines. These officials were responsible for maintaining order, collecting taxes,
and enforcing Spanish laws.

Answer 8

Local Government

Question 9

While the Spanish established their own system of government, they also incorporated some elements of indigenous governance. This
included the use of local chiefs and elders to assist in governing their communities.

Answer 9

Indigenous Governance

Question 10

: The highest authority in the Philippines, appointed by the Spanish King

Answer 10

Governor General or “President”

Question 11

A court of law with both judicial and administrative functions. It was
composed of judges appointed by the King.

Answer 11

Audiencia or “The Jury’

Question 12

The chief civil and military official of a province or district.

Answer 12

Alcalde Mayor or “The Governor”

Question 13

: The local governing body of a city or town. It was composed of elected officials

Answer 13

Cabildo

Question 14

A Spanish grantee who was given control over a piece of land and the
indigenous people living on it.

Answer 14

Encomendero or “Lord of the Land”

Question 15

The religious leader of a parish, responsible for overseeing the spiritualwell-being of the local population

Answer 15

Parish Priest or “Divine Theory”

Question 16

The chief executive officer of a municipality.

Answer 16

Alcalde or “Mayor”

Question 17

A local official who assisted the alcalde in governing a municipality.

Answer 17

teniente or “vice mayor”

Question 18

is a compilation of laws and ordinances that the
Spanish Crown promulgated to regulate life in its American colonies. Essentially, it was a legal
code that covered everything from political and administrative organization to matters such as
economics, religion, and the rights of indigenous people.

Answer 18

Recopilacion De Leyes De Las Indias

Question 19

Taxes before

Answer 19

Tributo

Question 20

Impose and collect revenue for public purpose

Answer 20

Taxes / Tributo

Question 21

one family paid the tribute amounting ___________. If unmarried on-half of the tribute

Answer 21

Before, eight reales or one peso

Question 22

it was increased into ten reales

Answer 22

1589

Question 23

• it was increased into twelve reales

Answer 23

1851

Question 24

Abolished and was replaced with a personal cedula tax

Answer 24

1884

Question 25

was a system of forced labor imposed by the Spanish colonial government in the
Philippines. It required Filipino men between the ages of 16 and 60 to work for a period of 40
days each year on public projects, such as building roads, bridges, and fortifications

Answer 25

Bandala

Question 26

This was the most common form of forced labor, requiring Filipino men between the ages
of 16 and 60 to work for a period of 40 days each year on public projects

Answer 26

polo

Question 27

: This was a type of forced labor that required Filipinos to work in the Spanish government’s farms and “plantations”. Tobacco

Answer 27

Polistas

Question 28

This was a term used to refer to the forced labor system in general,
encompassing both polo and polistas.
-paying to not work

Answer 28

Falla or Fala

Question 29

Galleon Trade

Answer 29

Mexico and Philippines

Question 30

Imports on galleon trade

Answer 30

silver, gold, and other goods

Question 31

exports on the galleon trade

Answer 31

silk, porcelain, spices, tobacco

Question 32

is a term used in Spanish colonial Philippines to refer to charitable works or pious foundations.

Answer 32

Obra Pias

Question 33

The encomienda system had two main components:

Answer 33

1. Land Grant (Royal)
2. Labor Tribute (Private)

Question 34

The Spanish conquistador was granted a specific amount of land, whichwas typically populated by indigenous people.

Answer 34

Land Grant (Royal)

Question 35

The indigenous people living on the encomienda were required to
provide labor services to the Spanish encomendero. This could involve working in agriculture, mining, or other tasks

Answer 35

Labor Tribute (Private)

Question 36

is a Spanish-language catechism or religious instruction book that
was widely used in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. It was designed to teach
the Catholic faith to the indigenous population, particularly children

Answer 36

Doctrina Christiana

Question 37

The various missionaries who used their religious
influence to facilitate the teaching of Gospel and propagation of Catholic Christian faith

Answer 37

• The Augustinians (1565)
• The Franciscans (1577)
• The Jesuits (1581)
• The Dominicans (1587)
• The Recollects (1606)

Question 38

SOCIAL CLASSES:

Answer 38

1. Peninsulares
2. Insulares
3. Illustrados
4. Chinese/Spanish Mestizos
5. Indio
6. Sangley

Question 39

Full-blooded Spanish living in the Philippines and born in Spain.

Answer 39

1. Peninsulares

Question 40

Full-blooded Spanish living in the Philippines and born in the Philippines as well

Answer 40

2. Insulares

Question 41

Wealthy group of individuals born in the Philippines and were able to study abroad (The enlightened ones)

Answer 41

Ilustrados

Question 42

• People with mixed racial origins and economically
  sufficient.

Answer 42

Mestizos

Question 43

Native/Full Blooded Filipinos

Answer 43

Indio

Question 44

• People with mixed racial origins and economically sufficient.

Answer 44

Sangley

Question 45

1st governor general

Answer 45

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

Question 46

When did baptism started in the Philippines?

Answer 46

March 31, 1521