Chapter 2 Key Terms

Question 1

population distribution

Answer 1

the pattern of human settlement/the spread of people across earth

Question 2

population density

Answer 2

a measure of the average population per square mile or kilometer of an area (how crowded a place is)

Question 3

arithmetic population density

Answer 3

region’s population divided by its total area

Question 4

carrying capacity

Answer 4

the population can support without significant environmental deterioration

Question 5

dependency ratio (DR)

Answer 5

a value comparing the working to the nonworking parts of a population

Question 6

potential workforce

Answer 6

the group expected to be the society’s labor force

Question 7

dependent population

Answer 7

people that are too young or too old to work full-time

Question 8

crude birth rate (CBR)

Answer 8

number of live births per year in 1,000 births

Question 9

total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 9

the average number of children who would be born per woman of that group in a country

Question 10

over population

Answer 10

the growth of a population beyond what the area can support

Question 11

anti-natalist policies

Answer 11

programs to decrease number of births

Question 12

pro-natalist policies

Answer 12

programs to increase fertility rate

Question 13

life expectancy

Answer 13

number of years the average person will live

Question 14

immigrants

Answer 14

people moving TO a place

Question 15

emmigrants

Answer 15

people moving FROM a place

Question 16

crude death rate (CDR)

Answer 16

deaths per 1,000 people

Question 17

rate of natural increase/decrease (RNI)

Answer 17

RNI = (CBR-CDR) ÷ 10 (more births than deaths, more deaths than births)

Question 18

doubling time

Answer 18

the time it takes for a population to double its size

Question 19

DTM

Answer 19

demographic transition model

Question 20

IMR

Answer 20

infant mortality rate

Question 21

malthusian theory

Answer 21

Thomas Malthus believed that food production would increase steadily, but the same amount each generation. he also believed that people would not limit the number of children they had, so the population would increase exponentially. population would grow faster than food production, so widespread starvation would ensue if people would not voluntarily limit population growth

Question 22

neo malthusians

Answer 22

people who have adapted his basic ideas to modern conditions