Chapter 2 | Key Terms

Question 1

Study of cells

Answer 1

cytology

Question 2

the fluid that fills a cell and holds the organelles

Answer 2

cytoplasm

Question 3

the genetic compound of the cell; makes up genes

Answer 3

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 4

an organic substance that speeds the rate of a metabolic reaction

Answer 4

enzyme

Question 5

a hereditary unit composed of DNA and combined with other genes to form chromosomes

Answer 5

gene

Question 6

a simple sugar that circulates in the blood, the main energy source for metabolism

Answer 6

glucose

Question 7

study of tissues

Answer 7

histology

Question 8

a steady state, a condition of internal stability and constancy

Answer 8

homeostasis

Question 9

a category of organic compounds

Answer 9

lipid

Question 10

A simple, very thin and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ line a cavity or separate structures

Answer 10

membrane

Question 11

The sum of all the physical and chemical reactions that occur within organism

Answer 11

metabolism

Question 12

cell division

Answer 12

mitosis

Question 13

A thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tissues

Answer 13

mucus

Question 14

The cell control centre; directs all cellular activities based on the information contained in its chromosomes

Answer 14

nucleus

Question 15

A part of a body with a specific function and component of a body system

Answer 15

organ

Question 16

A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of a cell

Answer 16

organelle

Question 17

The category of organic compounds that include structural materials enzymes and some hormones

Answer 17

protein

Question 18

an organic compound involved in the manufacturer of proteins within cells

Answer 18

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Question 19

A group of cells that act together for a specific purpose

Answer 19

tissue