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Chapter 2: Key Project Management Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Project

A

a temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result. Has a start and end date

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2
Q

Operations

A

ongoing, not temporary, day-to-day work of a business or organization. Has NO start or end date.

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3
Q

Progressive Elaboration

A

rolling wave planning; getting more details in a project as time goes on during that project

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4
Q

Project Management

A

the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to meet the project requirements; managing people to accomplish the scope of a project within the given constraints of time and cost

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5
Q

Predictive approach

A

traditional waterfall/plan-driven; planning is done upfront and the rest of the project is to execute that plan to complete the work

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6
Q

Agile approach

A

adaptive/change-driven; the product is built in small increments and thus changes are supported throughout the entire project

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7
Q

Hybrid approach

A

combines the use of both Predictive and Agile project management approaches

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8
Q

Process

A

inputs, tools, and techniques combined to execute a specific activity on a project to create a specific output

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9
Q

ITTO

A

Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs - these exist for each of the 49 processes

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10
Q

Phase

A

a division within the project where extra control is needed to effectively manage the completion of one or more deliverables; used to complete a deliverable

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11
Q

Phase gate/phase review/stage gate/kill point

A

held at the end of each phase to determine if the overall project is meeting its goals and if the project should continue

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12
Q

Deliverable

A

a PART of the product that is presented to the customer or stakeholders for acceptance

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13
Q

Process Groups

A
  1. Initiating
  2. Planning
  3. Executing
  4. Monitoring and Controlling
  5. Closing
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14
Q

Knowledge Areas

A
  1. Integration
  2. Scope
  3. Schedule
  4. Cost
  5. Quality
  6. Resources
  7. Communications
  8. Risk
  9. Procurement
  10. Stakeholders
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15
Q

Development Life Cycle/Project Life Cycle

A

the series of phases a project will go through from start to finish. can be predictive or adaptive

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16
Q

Predictive Life Cycle

A

project life cycle where the scope, time, and cost are known early in the project

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17
Q

Adaptive Life Cycle

A

also known as Iterative or Incremental; when the scope is known early but the time and cost must be refined as the project progresses

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18
Q

Program

A

collection of projects containing a common goal, managed by a program manager

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19
Q

Portfolio

A

a collection of projects and programs implemented to achieve a strategic goal; managed by a portfolio manager

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20
Q

Baselines

A
  1. Scope
  2. Time
  3. Cost

an original plan plus any approved changes; what you hope will happen

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21
Q

Historical Information

A

records of what has been learned from previous projects, such as templates and lessons learned

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22
Q

Regulations

A

official documents providing guidelines that must be followed

23
Q

Standards

A

NOT mandatory, unlike regulations. approved by a recognized body that provides guidelines

24
Q

System

A

all formal procedures and tools put in place to manage something

25
Project governance
the framework, functions, and processes a company follows to complete a project, done to meet the organization's strategic and operational goals
26
PMO
Project Management Office provides guidance and support for all project managers in an organization
27
supportive PMO
just supports project managers by providing templates and training
28
controlling PMO
gives the project manager a particular framework they need to follow and templates they have to use
29
directive PMO
directs the project manager on what they should be doing and is generally in control of the project
30
Stakeholder
anyone affected by a project, including those working on the project
31
Organic/Simple Organizational Structure
often no literal PM - expect small businesses and startups to function this way
32
Virtual Organizational Structure
project management is done virtually using tech such as meetings and chats, with the PM having low to moderate authority and resources shared with functional managers
33
Functional Organization organizational structure
PM has little power over resources, which are controlled by functional managers; PMs report to functional managers i.e. the heads of departments
34
Project-Oriented Organizational Structure
a.k.a. Projectized; PM controls all of the resources and there are no functional managers - an example is a consulting business
35
Matrix Organizational Structure types
1. Weak Matrix 2. Balanced Matrix 3. Strong Matrix middle ground between Functional and Project-Oriented organizational structure types.
36
Weak Matrix structure
PM has little power; most similar to Functional organizational structure
37
Balance Matrix
PM almost equal to functional manager for control of resources.
38
Strong Matrix
PM has most of the power over the resources but there are still functional managers; most similar to Project-Oriented organizational structure
39
Hybrid Organizational Structure
company uses more than one of the different types of organizational structures; a combination of Functional and Project-Oriented approaches
40
Constraint
all projects are constrained by: 1. scope 2. time 3. cost 4. quality 5. resources 6. risk
41
Life Cycle
all of the stages or phases a project or product goes through from beginning to end
42
Product Life Cycle
may include many projects/project life cycles
43
Project Life Cycle
the phases a project goes through from initiation to closing
44
Initiating
getting authorization to start a phase or project
45
main output of Initiating
1. project charter 2. stakeholder register
46
the 3 baselines
scope, time, costs
47
Monitoring and Controlling
comparing the actual work to the planned work; ensuring the project stays on plan
48
ITTO
Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs
49
EEF
Enterprise Environmental Factors input factors not under control of the project team
50
OPA
Organization Process Assets inputs that are plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases used by the organization at large
51
common Tools
expert judgement data gathering data analysis data representation decision making interpersonal and team skills PMIS meetings
52
PMIS
Project Management Information System automated system used by the PM to optimize the schedule or keep track of documents and deliverables
53
common Outputs
change request work performance data work performance information work performance report
54
PMI Talent Triangle
Technical Project Management, Leadership, Strategic and Business Management

PMP Exam (4 decks)

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