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PMP Exam > Chapter 2: Key Project Management Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Key Project Management Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Project

A

a temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result. Has a start and end date

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2
Q

Operations

A

ongoing, not temporary, day-to-day work of a business or organization. Has NO start or end date.

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3
Q

Progressive Elaboration

A

rolling wave planning; getting more details in a project as time goes on during that project

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4
Q

Project Management

A

the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to meet the project requirements; managing people to accomplish the scope of a project within the given constraints of time and cost

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5
Q

Predictive approach

A

traditional waterfall/plan-driven; planning is done upfront and the rest of the project is to execute that plan to complete the work

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6
Q

Agile approach

A

adaptive/change-driven; the product is built in small increments and thus changes are supported throughout the entire project

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7
Q

Hybrid approach

A

combines the use of both Predictive and Agile project management approaches

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8
Q

Process

A

inputs, tools, and techniques combined to execute a specific activity on a project to create a specific output

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9
Q

ITTO

A

Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs - these exist for each of the 49 processes

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10
Q

Phase

A

a division within the project where extra control is needed to effectively manage the completion of one or more deliverables; used to complete a deliverable

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11
Q

Phase gate/phase review/stage gate/kill point

A

held at the end of each phase to determine if the overall project is meeting its goals and if the project should continue

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12
Q

Deliverable

A

a PART of the product that is presented to the customer or stakeholders for acceptance

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13
Q

Process Groups

A
  1. Initiating
  2. Planning
  3. Executing
  4. Monitoring and Controlling
  5. Closing
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14
Q

Knowledge Areas

A
  1. Integration
  2. Scope
  3. Schedule
  4. Cost
  5. Quality
  6. Resources
  7. Communications
  8. Risk
  9. Procurement
  10. Stakeholders
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15
Q

Development Life Cycle/Project Life Cycle

A

the series of phases a project will go through from start to finish. can be predictive or adaptive

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16
Q

Predictive Life Cycle

A

project life cycle where the scope, time, and cost are known early in the project

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17
Q

Adaptive Life Cycle

A

also known as Iterative or Incremental; when the scope is known early but the time and cost must be refined as the project progresses

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18
Q

Program

A

collection of projects containing a common goal, managed by a program manager

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19
Q

Portfolio

A

a collection of projects and programs implemented to achieve a strategic goal; managed by a portfolio manager

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20
Q

Baselines

A
  1. Scope
  2. Time
  3. Cost

an original plan plus any approved changes; what you hope will happen

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21
Q

Historical Information

A

records of what has been learned from previous projects, such as templates and lessons learned

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22
Q

Regulations

A

official documents providing guidelines that must be followed

23
Q

Standards

A

NOT mandatory, unlike regulations. approved by a recognized body that provides guidelines

24
Q

System

A

all formal procedures and tools put in place to manage something

25
Q

Project governance

A

the framework, functions, and processes a company follows to complete a project, done to meet the organization’s strategic and operational goals

26
Q

PMO

A

Project Management Office
provides guidance and support for all project managers in an organization

27
Q

supportive PMO

A

just supports project managers by providing templates and training

28
Q

controlling PMO

A

gives the project manager a particular framework they need to follow and templates they have to use

29
Q

directive PMO

A

directs the project manager on what they should be doing and is generally in control of the project

30
Q

Stakeholder

A

anyone affected by a project, including those working on the project

31
Q

Organic/Simple Organizational Structure

A

often no literal PM - expect small businesses and startups to function this way

32
Q

Virtual Organizational Structure

A

project management is done virtually using tech such as meetings and chats, with the PM having low to moderate authority and resources shared with functional managers

33
Q

Functional Organization organizational structure

A

PM has little power over resources, which are controlled by functional managers; PMs report to functional managers i.e. the heads of departments

34
Q

Project-Oriented Organizational Structure

A

a.k.a. Projectized; PM controls all of the resources and there are no functional managers - an example is a consulting business

35
Q

Matrix Organizational Structure types

A
  1. Weak Matrix
  2. Balanced Matrix
  3. Strong Matrix

middle ground between Functional and Project-Oriented organizational structure types.

36
Q

Weak Matrix structure

A

PM has little power; most similar to Functional organizational structure

37
Q

Balance Matrix

A

PM almost equal to functional manager for control of resources.

38
Q

Strong Matrix

A

PM has most of the power over the resources but there are still functional managers; most similar to Project-Oriented organizational structure

39
Q

Hybrid Organizational Structure

A

company uses more than one of the different types of organizational structures; a combination of Functional and Project-Oriented approaches

40
Q

Constraint

A

all projects are constrained by:
1. scope
2. time
3. cost
4. quality
5. resources
6. risk

41
Q

Life Cycle

A

all of the stages or phases a project or product goes through from beginning to end

42
Q

Product Life Cycle

A

may include many projects/project life cycles

43
Q

Project Life Cycle

A

the phases a project goes through from initiation to closing

44
Q

Initiating

A

getting authorization to start a phase or project

45
Q

main output of Initiating

A
  1. project charter 2. stakeholder register
46
Q

the 3 baselines

A

scope, time, costs

47
Q

Monitoring and Controlling

A

comparing the actual work to the planned work; ensuring the project stays on plan

48
Q

ITTO

A

Inputs, Tools and Techniques, and Outputs

49
Q

EEF

A

Enterprise Environmental Factors

input factors not under control of the project team

50
Q

OPA

A

Organization Process Assets

inputs that are plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases used by the organization at large

51
Q

common Tools

A

expert judgement
data gathering
data analysis
data representation
decision making
interpersonal and team skills
PMIS
meetings

52
Q

PMIS

A

Project Management Information System

automated system used by the PM to optimize the schedule or keep track of documents and deliverables

53
Q

common Outputs

A

change request
work performance data
work performance information
work performance report

54
Q

PMI Talent Triangle

A

Technical Project Management, Leadership, Strategic and Business Management

PMP Exam (4 decks)

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