Chapter 2 Key Nutrition Concepts And Terms Flashcards
The city of food there nutrients and other chemical constituents, and the effects of food constituents and health
Nutrition
What are the 10 nutrition principles
One. Food is a basic need of humans
- Food provides energy nutrients and other substances needed for growth and health
- Health problems related to nutrition originate within cells
- Poor nutrition can result from inadequate and excessive nutrient intake
- Humans have adaptive mechanisms for managing fluctuations in food and take
- Mount nutrition can result from poor diet and from disease states, genetic factors, or a combination of these causes
- Some groups of people are at higher risk of becoming in adequate nourished than others
- Poor nutrition can influence the development of certain chronic diseases
- Adequacy and balance and key are key characteristics of a healthy diet. No one food contains all the nutrients we need
- There are no good or bad foods
What is a limited or uncertain availability of safe nutritious food or the ability to acquire them in socially acceptable ways
Food insecurity
What is it called when you have access at all times to sufficient supply and save nutritious food
food security
What percent of US households have food insecurity
14%
What are some facts about the household who are likely to have food insecurity
Female headed households with young children living in inner-city areas
Have poor diet
Obesity
Health disparities
What’s it called when you’re not taking care of the diseases you have
Health disparities
What is it called when you don’t hurt the environment when we get our food
Sustainable diet
Do you need a measure of the amount of energy supplied by Food
Calorie
Chemical substance in food indispensable for functions that supports growth and maintenance
Nutrient
Category of nutrients that are carbs proteins and fats
Macro nutrients
Vitamins minerals in Waters
Micro nutrients
What are phytochemicals
What do they do?
Biologically active chemicals in plants and they were deuce the risk of cancer is heart disease infections and other diseases
What are antioxidants and what do they do?
Chemical substances that prevent repair damage to cells caused by environmental pollution, smoke, O’zone, and oxygen
They protect us from free radicals
Negatively charged ions in the body that damage cells and tissue
Free radicals
What are essential nutrients and what are they?
Nutrients that your body can’t make that must be obtained by food
Carbs except for glucose, certain amino acids and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, water
What are nonessential nutrients and water examples?
Nutrients that are required but the body can make them on their own
Glucose, certain amino acids and fatty acids, cholesterol
What are some things that affect essential nutrients that each person needs
Age, gender, growth status, body size, pregnancy, lactation, genetic make up, exposure to environmental contaminants
DRI’s?
Dietary reference intakes
Nutrient intake standards for healthy people
What is the current issues of DRIS are trying to address
Prevention of chronic disease, high intake due to fortification and supplement, health benefit from other components and food
What are EARs
Estimated average requirements
Intake levels of nutrients estimated to meet requirements of 50% of individuals in a comparable group
What are RDAs
Recommended dietary allowances
Recommended levels of nutrient intakes needed to prevent deficiency
What do RDAs depend on?
Age, gender, condition
What percent of the US and Canada do RDAs apply to?
97 to 98%
