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Nutrition > Chapter 2 Key Nutrition Concepts And Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Key Nutrition Concepts And Terms Flashcards

1
Q

The city of food there nutrients and other chemical constituents, and the effects of food constituents and health

A

Nutrition

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2
Q

What are the 10 nutrition principles

A

One. Food is a basic need of humans

  1. Food provides energy nutrients and other substances needed for growth and health
  2. Health problems related to nutrition originate within cells
  3. Poor nutrition can result from inadequate and excessive nutrient intake
  4. Humans have adaptive mechanisms for managing fluctuations in food and take
  5. Mount nutrition can result from poor diet and from disease states, genetic factors, or a combination of these causes
  6. Some groups of people are at higher risk of becoming in adequate nourished than others
  7. Poor nutrition can influence the development of certain chronic diseases
  8. Adequacy and balance and key are key characteristics of a healthy diet. No one food contains all the nutrients we need
  9. There are no good or bad foods
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3
Q

What is a limited or uncertain availability of safe nutritious food or the ability to acquire them in socially acceptable ways

A

Food insecurity

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4
Q

What is it called when you have access at all times to sufficient supply and save nutritious food

A

food security

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5
Q

What percent of US households have food insecurity

A

14%

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6
Q

What are some facts about the household who are likely to have food insecurity

A

Female headed households with young children living in inner-city areas

Have poor diet

Obesity

Health disparities

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7
Q

What’s it called when you’re not taking care of the diseases you have

A

Health disparities

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8
Q

What is it called when you don’t hurt the environment when we get our food

A

Sustainable diet

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9
Q

Do you need a measure of the amount of energy supplied by Food

A

Calorie

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10
Q

Chemical substance in food indispensable for functions that supports growth and maintenance

A

Nutrient

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11
Q

Category of nutrients that are carbs proteins and fats

A

Macro nutrients

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12
Q

Vitamins minerals in Waters

A

Micro nutrients

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13
Q

What are phytochemicals

What do they do?

A

Biologically active chemicals in plants and they were deuce the risk of cancer is heart disease infections and other diseases

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14
Q

What are antioxidants and what do they do?

A

Chemical substances that prevent repair damage to cells caused by environmental pollution, smoke, O’zone, and oxygen

They protect us from free radicals

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15
Q

Negatively charged ions in the body that damage cells and tissue

A

Free radicals

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16
Q

What are essential nutrients and what are they?

A

Nutrients that your body can’t make that must be obtained by food

Carbs except for glucose, certain amino acids and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, water

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17
Q

What are nonessential nutrients and water examples?

A

Nutrients that are required but the body can make them on their own

Glucose, certain amino acids and fatty acids, cholesterol

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18
Q

What are some things that affect essential nutrients that each person needs

A

Age, gender, growth status, body size, pregnancy, lactation, genetic make up, exposure to environmental contaminants

19
Q

DRI’s?

A

Dietary reference intakes

Nutrient intake standards for healthy people

20
Q

What is the current issues of DRIS are trying to address

A

Prevention of chronic disease, high intake due to fortification and supplement, health benefit from other components and food

21
Q

What are EARs

A

Estimated average requirements

Intake levels of nutrients estimated to meet requirements of 50% of individuals in a comparable group

22
Q

What are RDAs

A

Recommended dietary allowances

Recommended levels of nutrient intakes needed to prevent deficiency

23
Q

What do RDAs depend on?

A

Age, gender, condition

24
Q

What percent of the US and Canada do RDAs apply to?

A

97 to 98%

25
Q

What are AIs

A

Adequate intakes

Recommended it takes for which there is not enough evidence to determine RDAs

26
Q

What are example of AIs

A

Vitamin K and fluoride

27
Q

What are tolerable upper levels of intake?

A

The upper limits that should not be excited of calcium vitamin a and vitamin D

28
Q

What maintains cell functions

A

Nutrients received

29
Q

What happens when it sells need for nutrients differs from the available supply

A

Problems

30
Q

For every nutrient there is a range of optimal intake for optimal what?

A

Cell function

31
Q

Deficiency or toxicity in nutrient intake may cause changes in what?

A

Behavior/cognition, physical condition, ripple effect

32
Q

What happens when you take too much or too little of vitamin C

A

Low intake can result in scurvy and excessive intake can involve diarrhea and kidney stones

33
Q

How does the body regulate managing fluctuations in food and take

A

Appetite, storage, absorption

34
Q

What are the two types of malnutrition and what differentiates them?

A

Primary and secondary malnutrition

Primary is dietary and origin and secondary has precipitating factors such as surgery, medication, diseases, genetic factors

35
Q

What groups of people might be at higher risk of becoming an adequately nourished

A

Pregnant women, elderly, fail, food shortage/property

36
Q

A diet high in saturated fat can cause what chronic disease

A

Heart disease

37
Q

A diet high in sodium can cause what chronic disease

A

Hypertension

38
Q

Diets low in fruits and vegetables can cause what kind of disease

A

Cancer

39
Q

A diet low in calcium or vitamin D can result in what chronic disease

A

Osteoporosis

40
Q

A diet high in sugar can cause what problem

A

Tooth decay

41
Q

What are some things to keep in mind when determining your diet?

A

Nutrient dense and low calorie foods, lean meats, veggies and fruits, dried beans, whole-grain bread and cereals

42
Q

What is a common misconception in the diet world

A

If they’re a good and bad foods

43
Q

Too much or not enough of a good or bad thing can cause what

A

And unhealthy body weight malnutrition obesity and chronic diseases

Nutrition (6 decks)

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