Chapter 2- How We Discover It

Question 1

Major Issues

Answer 1

Nature v. nurture
Active v. reactive
Continuity v. discontinuity

Question 2

Nature v. Nurture

Answer 2

How much of our development is heredity versus environment? It is actually both but to what extent?

Question 3

Active v. Reactive

Answer 3

Active in development versus being passive in the development

Question 4

Continuity v. Discontinuity

Answer 4

Small gradual development over time versus bigger chunks of development, slope v. stairs

Question 5

Psychoanalytical Perspective

Answer 5

Emphasizes emotion and unconscious focus in development

Question 6

Psychosexual Theory (Freud)

Answer 6

Adult personalities shaped by childhood experiences

Question 7

Personality Structure

Answer 7

Composed of the id, ego, and superego

Question 8

Id

Answer 8

The only part that is present at birth and is completely unconscious. Operates according to the pleasure principle.

Question 9

Pleasure Principle

Answer 9

Demands immediate and unrestrained gratification

Question 10

Ego

Answer 10

Decision-maker develops the first year, plays the middle man between the id demands and superego morals, operated according to the reality principle

Question 11

Reality Principle

Answer 11

Strives to satisfy the id through reasonable ways and approaches

Question 12

Superego

Answer 12

Moral conscious develops 5-7, internalizes societal values, the angel on your shoulder